Molecular Models

Detailed 3D models of various proteins and enzymes, illustrated in vibrant colors, depicting their complex structures and functions in biological processes.

Androgen receptor and modulator. Molecular model of a selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) bound to an androgen receptor.

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Citrate synthase, molecular model. This enzyme is involved in the first step of the citric acid (or Krebs) cycle, the process by which mitochondria co...

Stress-responsive activator protein. Molecular model of the stress-responsive activator of p300 (strap) protein. This protein is activated when certai...

Tetanus toxin C-fragment. Molecular model of a fragment of the neurotoxin protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium tetani that causes tetanus. Th...

Human growth hormone. Molecular model of human growth hormone (hGH, orange) bound to the extracellular domain of the human growth hormone binding prot...

Androgen receptor and modulator. Molecular model of a selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) bound to an androgen receptor.

Antibiotic resistance enzyme. Molecular model of an aminoglycoside phosphotransferase enzyme. This enzyme confers resistance to aminoglycoside antibio...

Klenow fragment of DNA polymerase I. Molecule model of the Klenow, or large, fragment from DNA polymerase I complexed with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid,...

Acetylcholine receptor. Molecular model showing the structure of a nicotinic acetlycholine receptor. This receptor, for the neurotransmitter acetylcho...

Human tissue factor. Molecular model of human tissue factor, also known as factor III. Tissue factor is found on the outside of blood vessels and play...

Yersinia pestis virulence factor. Molecular model of the V-antigen protein, a virulence factor in Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of the plague.

HIV-1 protease and inhibitor. Molecular model of the enzyme HIV-1 protease (pink and blue ribbons) bound to an inhibitor molecule (centre). This enzym...

Ribonuclease bound to inhibitor, molecular model. Ribonuclease (RNase) is a type of nuclease that catalyses the degradation of RNA (ribonucleic acid) ...

Human pathogen recognition molecule. Molecular model of a complex between human lymphocyte antigen 96 and toll-like receptor 4. This complex detects l...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria inside biofilm, computer illustration. This is a Gram-negative, aerobic, enteric, rod prokaryote. P. aeruginosa causes...

Multidrug efflux pump. Molecular model of the multidrug efflux pump AcrB from the bacterium Escherichia coli transporting two doxorubicin molecules. T...

Gene activator protein. Molecular model of catabolite gene activator protein (CAP, yellow) complexed with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA, red and blue) an...

Alpha-galactosidase enzyme molecule, illustration

Aspartyl-tRNA synthetase protein molecule. Molecular model showing bacterial aspartyl-tRNA synthetase complexed with aspartyl tRNA (transfer ribonucle...

Thrombin complexed with fibrinogen, molecular model. The thrombin molecules (beige, right and left) are bound to the central part of the fibrinogen mo...

Antibiotic resistance enzyme. Molecular model of an aminoglycoside phosphotransferase enzyme. This enzyme confers resistance to aminoglycoside antibio...

Birch pollen allergen. Molecular model of Bet v 1l, the molecule responsible for allergic reactions to birch pollen. Here, Bet v 1l is shown in comple...

Antibodies and their antigen. Molecular model showing the molecular structure of two anti-P-glycoprotein antibodies (upper left and right) and the P-g...

Tumour suppressor protein, molecular model. P53 prevents the proliferation of cells with damaged DNA. Its production occurs in response to radiation a...

Citrate synthase, molecular model. This enzyme is involved in the first step of the citric acid (or Krebs) cycle, the process by which mitochondria co...

Trypsin digestive enzyme molecule, illustration

Xanthine dehydrogenase molecule. Molecular model of the Xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) enzyme. XDH is an oxidoreductase enzyme that catalyses the last t...

Repair protein and DNA. Molecular model of the Ku heterodimer (yellow and pink) bound to a strand of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, red and blue) as part...

Trypsin molecule. Molecular model of the digestive protease enzyme beta-trypsin complexed with an inhibitor. Trypsin is released by the pancreas to br...

Hepatitis C polymerase enzyme, molecular model. This protein is the NS5b RNA polymerase found in the virus hepatitis C (genotype-1b, strain J4). It pl...

Erythropoietin. Molecular model of the human erythropoietin (EPO) hormone. Erythropoietin regulates blood oxygen levels in the body, when levels are l...

Rous sarcoma virus capsid protein. Molecular model of the N-terminal domain of the Rous sarcoma virus capsid protein.

ATPase molecule. Molecular model of the central stalk of an ATP synthase (ATPase) molecule from a cow. ATPase is an important enzyme that provides ene...

Eye lens protein. Molecular model of delta-crystallin, a protein found in the lens of the eye. The regular arrangement of the protein in the lens is t...

Haemoglobin, molecular model. Haemoglobin is a metalloprotein that transports oxygen around the body in red blood cells. Each molecule consists of iro...

Computer generated three-dimensional molecular model of hemoglobin, based upon the Protein Database entry number, 1gzx. In this model, the heme groups of the hemoglobin are oxygenated

Ricin. Molecular model of the toxic protein ricin. It comprises two entwined amino acid chains, termed A and B. The A-chain is toxic, inhibiting prote...

Carbonic anhydrase, molecular model. This enzyme catalyses the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide.

Restriction enzyme and DNA. Molecular model showing an EcoRI endonuclease enzyme (purple and green) bound to a DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecule (r...

Human prion protein molecule, illustration

Alpha-galactosidase enzyme molecule, illustration

OXY-MYOGLOBIN Molecule

Borna disease virus nucleoprotein, molecular model.

Human growth hormone molecule, illustration

Hepatitis C glycoprotein and antibody. Molecular model of the E2 envelope glycoprotein from the hepatitis C virus bound to a neutralising antibody.

cAMP-dependent protein kinase, molecular model. This enzyme is also known as protein kinase A (PKA). This is the holoenzyme, which consists of two reg...

Anthrax lethal factor, molecular model. This enzyme is one of three protein components that form the anthrax toxin produced by the bacterium Bacillus ...

Plexin signal transduction molecule. Molecular model of plexin-A4 a signal transduction protein that is involved in neural maintenance and regeneratio...

Parathion hydrolase, molecular model. This enzyme hydrolyses bonds in organophosphates, which include pesticides and the nerve gas sarin.

Secondary structure of a protein.

Nucleosome, molecular model. A nucleosome is a subunit of chromatin, the substance that forms chromosomes. It consists of a short length of DNA (deoxy...

Bacteriorhodopsin protein. Molecular model showing the structure of bacteriorhodopsin (bR), a protein found in primitive micro-organisms known as Arch...

Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Molecular model of the human type 5 hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzyme bound to a molecule of the steroid drug androste...

Retinal-producing oxygenase enzyme, molecular model. This enzyme plays a role in the production and metabolism of retinal and other apocarotenoids. Re...

CYP2D6 liver enzyme molecule, illustration

Nucleoside diphosphate kinase. Molecular model of the enzyme nucleoside diphosphate kinase from the Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus. This enzyme cata...

Tetanus toxin C-fragment. Molecular model of a fragment of the neurotoxin protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium tetani that causes tetanus. Th...

Nerve growth factor bound to receptor. Molecular model of nerve growth factor (NGF) bound to the p75 neurotrophin receptor. NGF is a neurotrophin that...

Transcription factor and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Molecular model showing the 6 zinc fingers of transcription factor IIIA (yellow) bound to RNA (ribonucl...

Hexokinase and glucose complex. Molecular model of a complex between the enzyme hexokinase and the sugar glucose. Hexokinase promotes the conversion (...

Multidrug transporter. Molecular model of the multidrug transporter Sav1866 from the bacterium Escherichia coli. This protein pumps drugs, including a...

Molecular model of a Heat Shock Protein (HSP).HSPs are a group of proteins whose levels increase when cells are exposed to raised temperatures or othe...

Coagulation factor VIII molecule, illustration

Fatty acid binding protein 9. Molecular model of human testis-specific fatty acid binding protein 9.

Cytochrome C, molecular model. Cytochrome molecules perform oxidation and reduction reactions for electron transport, a chain of reactions used to pow...

Serum transferrin, molecular model. Transferrins are iron-binding glycoproteins found in blood plasma.

Interferon gamma molecule, illustration

MscS ion channel protein structure. Molecular model of a mechanosensitive channel of small conductance (MscS) from an Escherichia coli bacterium. MscS...

Multidrug efflux pump. Molecular model of the multidrug efflux pump AcrB from the bacterium Escherichia coli. This protein pumps drugs, including anti...

Leptin molecule. Molecular model of the human hormone leptin. Leptin is a protein produced by adipose (fat) tissue. It interacts with receptors in the...

Triose phosphate isomerase (TPI), molecular model. TPI is essential for glycolysis and catalyses the reversible interconversion of dihydroxyacetone ph...

Poly(A) polymerase and RNA. Molecular model of poly(A) polymerase complexed with RNA (ribonucleic acid) and ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Poly(A) poly...

Eye lens protein. Molecular model of beta-crystallin, a protein found in the lens of the eye. The regular arrangement of the protein in the lens is th...

Human muscle aldolase. Molecular model of the enzyme human muscle aldolase complexed with its substrate fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. This enzyme is invo...

C-reactive protein molecule, illustration

Interferon gamma, molecular model. Interferon gamma is produced by certain immune cells (T cells, dendritic cells and NK cells) as part of the immune ...

Beta-2 adrenergic receptor. Molecular model of a human beta-2 adrenergic receptor bound to an antibody. Beta receptors respond to adrenalin, causing a...

Type I topoisomerase bound to DNA. Molecular model showing a type I topoisomerase molecule (blue) bound to a strand of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, yel...

Bacteriorhodopsin protein. Molecular model showing the structure of bacteriorhodopsin (bR), a protein found in primitive micro-organisms known as Arch...

HIV antibody therapy. Molecular model of the interaction of the HIV surface protein gp120 (green) as it interacts with a human white blood cell surfac...

Herpesvirus capsid protein. Molecular model of the major capsid protein VP5 from herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1). This virus infects epithelial cells a...

Immune checkpoint protein molecule, illustration

Hepatitis C glycoprotein and antibody. Molecular model of the E2 envelope glycoprotein from the hepatitis C virus bound to a neutralising antibody.

TATA box-binding protein and DNA. Molecular model showing a TATA box-binding protein (TBP) complexed with a strand of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, red ...

Caspase-9 complexed with an inhibitor, molecular model. Caspase-9 is a protease, an enzyme that cleaves proteins, that plays a role in apoptosis (prog...

Lactose transporter protein. Molecular model of the transmembrane transport protein lactose permease bound with a lactose homolog. This protein, from ...

Chymotrypsin digestive enzyme, molecular model. Chymotrypsin is a protease, an enzyme that breaks down proteins and peptides. It is secreted into the ...

Single stranded DNA-binding protein (SSBP). Molecular model of a protein that binds to the single stranded DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) in human mitoch...

Human prion protein molecule, illustration

Interferon gamma molecule, illustration

Creatine kinase molecule. This enzyme catalyses the phosphorylation of creatine to creatine phosphate. It plays an important role in energy metabolism...

Coagulation factor complex molecule. Molecular model showing a blood clotting factor VIIa-tissue factor complex molecule. Tissue factor, also known as...

Trypsin digestive enzyme molecule, illustration

Cell death 1 protein molecule, illustration

Protein kinase regulatory subunit. Molecular model of a regulatory subunit from cAMP-dependent protein kinase bound to. This enzyme is also known as p...

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody, molecular model. This is the most abundant immunoglobulin and is found in all body fluids. Each Y-shaped molecule has...

VMA-1 derived endonuclease. Molecular model of the VMA-1 derived endonuclease restriction enzyme. Restriction enzymes, also known as restriction endon...

Omsk haemorrhagic fever virus protein. Molecular model of domain III of the Omsk haemorrhagic fever virus envelope protein.

Beta-lactoglobulin protein molecule, illustration

Outer membrane receptor protein. Molecular model of FecA an outer membrane receptor protein.

Photosystem I. Molecular model of the photosystem I complex from the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus. Shown here are beta-carotene, alpha-chlor...

Alcohol dehydrogenase, molecular model. Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) is an enzyme that facilitates the break-down of alcohols in the body, which could ...

Trypsin digestive enzyme molecule, illustration

Proteinase inhibitor. Molecular model of a proteinase inhibitor, or antitrypsin, molecule bound to a tryspin protease. The proteinase inhibitor is a t...

A tetramer of the influenza neuraminidase protein (shown in blue and light blue) bound by variable domains of two new human antibodies (shown purple/pink and brown/beige) targeting its dark side Viewed along with 4-fold axis of NA tetramer with its catalytic sites facing up. 2024 : New Antibodies Target Dark Side of Influenza Virus Protein .

Eye lens protein. Molecular model of delta-crystallin, a protein found in the lens of the eye. The regular arrangement of the protein in the lens is t...

Interferon gamma molecule, illustration

Staphylococcal enterotoxin C2. Molecular model of the C2 enterotoxin from the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus.

DNA clamp complexed with DNA molecule. Molecular model showing a sliding DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) clamp (beige) complexed with a molecule of DNA (r...

Illustration of green fluorescent protein (GFP). GFP is produced by the jellyfish Aqueoria victoria and emits green fluorescence when exposed to light...

Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin, molecular model. This is one of several proteins produced by pathogenic E. coli bacteria in the intestines. ...

Cytochrome c oxidase. Molecular model of a cytochrome c oxidase enzyme complexed with an antibody. Cytochrome molecules perform oxidation and reductio...

Kinesin motor protein dimer, illustration

Guanine-responsive riboswitch, molecular model. This protein regulates gene expression by binding to the nucleotide guanine to switch off transcriptio...

Calcium-binding protein. Molecule model of the calcium-binding protein calmodulin (CaM) bound to a myosin light-chain kinase molecule. This complex is...

Yeast mitochondrial processing peptidase, molecular model. This enzyme plays an essential role in importing mitochondrial proteins.

MscL ion channel protein structure. Molecular model of a mechanosensitive channel of large conductance (MscL) from a Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacter...

Interleukin-6. Molecular model of the cytokine protein human interleukin-6. This protein is produced in the body and has a wide variety of functions i...

Amyloid precursor protein. Molecular model showing the structure of the protease inhibitor domain of an amyloid precursor protein (APP). APP is the pr...

Ribosomal subunit. Computer model showing the structure of the RNA (ribonucleic acid) molecules in an 80S (large) ribosomal sub-unit. Ribosomes are co...

Multidrug transporter molecule, illustration

CETP protein molecule, illustration

DNA transcription. Molecular model of the enzyme RNA polymerase II synthesising a mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) strand from a DNA (deoxyribonuclei...

Flaviviruses are a group of human pathogens causing severe encephalitic or hemorrhagic diseases that include West Nile, dengue and yellow fever viruses. Here, using X-ray crystallography we have defined the structure of the flavivirus cross-reactive antibody E53 that engages the highly conserved fusion loop of the West Nile virus envelope glycoprotein

Insulin hormone molecule, illustration

Cytochrome c oxidase. Molecular model of a cytochrome c oxidase enzyme from the mitochondria of a cow's heart. Cytochrome molecules perform oxidation ...

Antibody molecule. Crystal structure of a monoclonal immunoglobulin (IgG2a). IgG antibodies are composed of 2 long heavy chains and 2 shorter light ch...

cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Molecular model of cAMP-dependent protein kinase complexed with a peptide inhibitor and ATP (adenosine triphosphate). T...

A transforming growth factor beta (TGF-Beta) is a protein controlling several cell functions, including cellular differentiation, proliferation, adhesion, and migration, and its failure plays a role in cancers.

Haemoglobin, molecular model. This is deoxyhaemoglobin, the molecule in its non-oxygen bound state. Haemoglobin transports oxygen around the body in r...

Robot spiders, illustration, vector on white background.

Chinese scorpion toxin structure. Molecular model of the toxin BmBKTtx1, produced by the Chinese scorpion (Buthus martensi Karsch). It is a short-chai...

Anthrax lethal factor, molecular model. This enzyme is one of three protein components that form the anthrax toxin produced by the bacterium Bacillus ...

A computer model of a macromolecular complex. Scientists at the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), part of the NIH, have discovered macromolecular complexes that could enable drug development. The study changes long-held concepts of cellular decoding.

Insulin A chain. Computer model of an A chain of human insulin that has been synthesized on a crosslinked polystyrene solid support. This is an exampl...

Multidrug efflux pump. Molecular model of the multidrug efflux pump AcrB from the bacterium Escherichia coli transporting two doxorubicin molecules. T...

Fungal prion protein. Molecular model of the amyloid form of the HET prion protein.

HIV reverse transcription enzyme. Molecular model of the reverse transcriptase enzyme found in HIV (the human immunodeficiency virus) bound to the inh...

Human serum albumin molecule, illustration

MicroRNA miRNA, molecular model. This miRNA micro ribonucleic acid oligonucleotide regulates the expression of a target gene. The miRNA shown here is ...

Interferon gamma molecule, illustration

Taq polymerase PCR enzyme molecule, illustration

RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), molecular model. This complex consists of a bacterial argonaute protein (top right) bound to a small interfering...

TATA box-binding protein and DNA. Molecular model showing a TATA box-binding protein (TBP) complexed with a strand of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, red ...

Double-stranded RNA-ribonuclease III. Molecular model of ribonuclease III (RNase III, D44N, pink and green) complexed with a double-stranded RNA (ribo...

HIV-1 capsid in intact virus particle

Glycosylation enzyme. Molecular model of the enzyme N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) transferase. This intracellular enzyme adds N-acetylglucosamine molec...

Ebola matrix protein. Molecular model of the Ebola virus matrix protein VP40. This membrane-associated protein is thought to be necessary for the asse...

Ribozyme enzyme and RNA, molecular model. Ribozymes are RNA (ribonucleic acid) molecules that catalyse certain biochemical reactions. Until their disc...

Adenovirus hexon protein, molecular model. Hexon proteins are part of the protein coat or shell (capsid) of adenoviruses. In viruses, the capsid enclo...

Cytochrome P450 complex. Molecular model of a complex composed of cytochrome P450, carbon monoxide and camphor. Cytochrome molecules perform oxidation...

Insulin molecule, illustration

Chlorophyll B, molecular model. Chlorin pigment with a magnesium ion at the center of the chlorin ring. Vital for photosynthesis in plants. Atoms are ...

Human catalase, molecular model. This enzyme catalyses the break down of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. Hydrogen peroxide is a highly toxic by...

Bestrophin-1 protein molecule, illustration

Rubisco. Molecular model of the enzyme rubisco (ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase). Rubisco is thought to be the most abundant and important...

ATPase and inhibitor. Computer model of an ATP synthase (ATPase) molecule from a mitochondrion complexed with its inhibitor protein IF1. ATPase is an ...

CRISPR-CAS9 gene editing complex from Streptococcus pyogenes. The Cas9 nuclease protein uses a guide RNA (ribonucleic acid) sequence to cut DNA (deoxy...

Wilms tumour suppressor bound to DNA. Molecular model of the zinc finger domain of the Wilms tumour suppressor protein bound to a strand of DNA (deoxy...

Iron-regulatory protein bound to RNA, molecular model. Iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP1, purple) bound to a short strand of RNA (ribonucleic acid, red)...

Computer generated three-dimensional model of Tumor necrosis factor (TNF, cachexin or cachectin and formerly known as tumor necrosis factor-alpha)

C-reactive protein, molecular model. The protein is made up of five sub-units (monomers) arranged in a ring. The secondary structure of the protein is...

Molecular model of porin, ribbon diagram.

Pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), molecular model. This enzyme converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA for use in the citric acid (or Krebs) cycle.

Glutamate transporter, molecular model. This is a membrane protein that facilitates the uptake of glutamate by a cell.

Alemtuzumab Fab fragment, crystal structure. Alemtuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds the CD52 protein and is used in the treatment o...

Insulin hormone molecule, illustration

Insulin molecule, illustration

Three-dimensional computer-generated model of an adenovirus virion particle

C-reactive protein, molecular model. The protein is made up of five sub-units (monomers) arranged in a ring. The secondary structure of the protein is...

Molecular model of porin, CPK model.

RNA exosome complex, molecular model. This multi-protein complex functions to break up strands of RNA (ribonucleic acid, pink) during biochemical proc...

Chromatin remodelling factor and DNA, molecular model. The strands of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) are at left and right. This chromatin remodelling fa...

Herpesvirus immune inhibitor protein. Molecular model of the protein ICP47 from the herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1). This protein prevents antigens fro...

T-cell receptor-MHC-antigen complex

Nudaurelia capensis omega virus. Computer model of the capsid of the Nudaurelia capensis omega virus.

Monoclonal antibody IgG2a molecule, illustration

Haemoglobin protein molecule, illustration

Yeast DNA recognition. Computer model showing a GAL4 transcription activator protein bound to a yeast DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecule (red and bl...

Calcitonin peptide bound to its receptor, illustration

Methyltransferase complexed with DNA, molecular model. The strand of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, red and blue) is enclosed by DNA methyltransferase 1 ...

HIV DNA and transcription factor. Molecular model of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) from HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus type 1) complexed with the t...

Immune checkpoint inhibitors, illustration

Photosystem I. Molecular model of the photosystem I complex from the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus. Shown here are beta-carotene, alpha-chlor...

Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 1, illustration

MDM2 binding to anti-cancer protein p53, illustration

Molecular model of renin-inhibitor complex

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody, molecular model. This is the most abundant immunoglobulin and is found in all body fluids. Each Y-shaped molecule has...

Molecular model of bacteriorhodopsin, ribbon

Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase

cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Molecular model of cAMP-dependent protein kinase complexed with a peptide inhibitor and ATP (adenosine triphosphate). T...

NMDA, AMPA and GABA receptors, illustration

PD-1 binding to PD-L1, illustration

A bacteriophage is a virus that infects bacteria. Bacteriophage T4 infects E.coli bacteria. T4 invasion begins by touching the bacterial cell wall and injecting viral DNA through its tube-like queue (purple) into the cell. A 'DNA packaging machine' (middle and right panels) between the 'head' bacteriophage' and 'queue' (green, yellow, blue tips) confirmed double-stranded DNA (middle panel, red) at hand.

DNA molecule, illustration

Insect antifreeze protein. Molecular model of an insect antifreeze protein (AFP) from the spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana).

Molecular model of porin, CPK model.

DNA transcription. Molecular model of the enzyme RNA polymerase II synthesising a mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) strand from a DNA (deoxyribonuclei...

DNA molecule, artwork

Bacterial nanocompartment. Molecular molecule of a nanocompartment from the bacterium Thermotoga maritima. This is a shell formed from encapsulin prot...

Gear system

Archaeon enzyme. Molecular model of an enzyme from Thermoplasma acidophilum. This is the 20S proteasome. A proteasome is a complex type of proteinase ...

Human alveoli, computer artwork.

Amyloid beta protein. Molecular model showing the structure of amyloid beta protein, the primary component of amyloid plaques found in the brains of A...

DNA molecule. Molecular model of DNA deoxyribonucleic acid.

Molecular model of alpha-haemolysin, ribbon

Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 1, illustration

Leptin is a 16 kDa protein hormone that plays a key role in regulating energy intake and energy expenditure, including appetite and metabolism. It is one of the most important adipose derived hormones

DNA molecule, illustration

Chymotrypsin digestive enzyme, molecular model. Chymotrypsin is a protease, an enzyme that breaks down proteins and peptides. It is secreted into the ...

CRISPR-CAS9 gene editing complex from Streptococcus pyogenes. The Cas9 nuclease protein uses a guide RNA (ribonucleic acid) sequence to cut DNA (deoxy...

Rabbit eye lens protein. Molecular model of lambda-crystallin, a structural protein found in the eye lenses of rabbits (family Leporidae).

Immune response to malaria parasite, illustration

DNA molecule. Molecular model of DNA deoxyribonucleic acid.

RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), molecular model. This complex consists of a bacterial argonaute protein (top right) bound to a small interfering...

Human alveoli, computer artwork.

Coxsackie B3 VIRUS. Computer model of the capsid of the Coxsackie B3 virus.

Squalene-hopene cyclase, molecular model. This bacterial enzyme catalyses the cyclization of squalene to hopene.

Kette von Aminosäuren oder Biomolekülen, genannt Protein - 3d-Illustration Chain of amino acid or biomolecules called protein - 3d illustration Copyright: xZoonar.com/ChristophxBurgstedtx 22579474

Cholesterol molecule, illustration

Trimeric G protein, complex with RGS4, model

Insect antifreeze protein. Molecular model of an insect antifreeze protein (AFP) from the spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana).

Anthrax toxin. Molecular model of the lethal factor LF, a protein critical in the pathogenesis of the anthrax bacteria Bacillus anthracis.

Beta-carbonic anhydrase, molecular model. This enzyme is from the red algae Porphyridium purpureum. It catalyses the reversible hydration of carbon di...

Haemagglutinin from H3N2 1968 influenza virus, illustration

LDL bound to receptor. Computer illustration of a low-density lipoprotein (LDL), or 'bad' cholesterol, molecule (round) bound to an LDL receptor (LDLR...

Transient receptor potential channel TRPM7, illustration

CRISPR-CAS9 gene editing complex from Streptococcus pyogenes. The Cas9 nuclease protein (grey) uses a guide RNA (pink) sequence to cut DNA (green) at ...

DNA molecule. Molecular model of DNA deoxyribonucleic acid.

RNA polymerase. Molecular model of the alpha subunit of RNA polymerase purple with a molecule of DNA deoxyribonucleic acid, pink and green. RNA polyme...

Morphine and fentanyl bound to mu-opioid receptors

Manganese catalase. Molecular model of the enzyme manganese catalase from the bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum. This enzyme catalyses the break down ...

Oxoguanine glycosylase complex. Computer model showing an 8-Oxoguanine glycosylase (OGG1) molecule (beige) bound to a section of DNA (deoxyribonucleic...

Chorionic gonadotropin molecule, illustration

Covid-19 Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 cell pandemic virus. 3d render, 3d illustration

Alpha-galactosidase enzyme molecule, illustration

DNA molecule, illustration

B cell receptor, illustration

Molecular model of heterotrimeric G protein

Heat shock protein 70. Molecular model of the 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP) complexed with its substrate peptide. HSPs are a group of proteins whose...

Green fluorescent protein (GFP), molecular model. The molecule has a cylindrical structure formed from beta sheets (ribbons). GFP is found in the Paci...

Cyclin-dependent kinases.

DNA molecule, artwork

Urea channel. Molecular model of the proton-gated urea channel from the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. This channel opens in acidic environments, allo...

Tyrosine protein-kinase Src,a proto-oncogene

Molecular model of heterotrimeric G protein

Zodiac sign, Libra, horoscope, illustration

Classic soccer ball made of scattered 3D particles for Brazil

Epidermal growth factor molecule. Molecular model of epidermal growth factor (EGF) bound to a receptor. EGF plays an important role in the regulation ...

G protein/Ras-RasGAP complex, mol. model

Conceptual image of alveoli.

Glycogen phosphorylase, molecular model. This is an enzyme involved in breaking down glycogen, the energy storage molecule involved in animal metaboli...

Protein tyrosine phosphatase, inhibition

Illustration of a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody. This is a combination of the ribbon structure and molecular surface representations of the ...

Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase

Epidermal growth factor receptor, illustration

3D print of a coronavirus spike. The spike is a protein on the surface of the coronavirus MERS-CoV that helps the virus enter and infect cells. Credit: NIAID

Antibody molecule. Crystal structure of a monoclonal immunoglobulin (IgG2a). IgG antibodies are composed of 2 long heavy chains and 2 shorter light ch...

This illustration depicted a 3D computer-generated rendering of a half-sliced influenza (flu) virus with a grey surface membrane, set against a white background. The virus' surface proteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), were highlighted in light and dark blue, respectively

Molecular model of calmodulin without a ligand

Human chromosomes (23 pairs of chromosomes - 46 chromosomes, 22 pairs are common to both sexes. The remaining two chromosomes are the sex chromosomes, XY in males and XX in females). They are made up of DNA which carries the genes (about 20,000)

3D illustration Cute underwater animals squid and octopus. minimal style.

Illustration anthropomorphic multicolor virus on white background

Molecular model of insulin molecule

G protein/Ras-RasGAP complex, mol. model

Molecular model of light-harvesting complex of

Cyclin-dependent kinases.

Mol.model of growth hormone receptor

Adenylyl cyclase enzyme, molecular model. This enzyme catalyses the conversion of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) to cyclic AMP (cAMP) and pyrophosphate....

Molecular model of light-harvesting complex of

Tyrosine phosphatase catalytic domain

Sickle cell disease - mol. model haemoglobin

Illustration of a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody. This is a combination of the ribbon structure and molecular surface representations of the ...

Calcium-binding protein. Molecule model of the calcium-binding protein calmodulin (CaM). This protein is found in all eukaryotic cells, where it regul...

Trim. G protein/adenylate cyclase, mol.model

Antibody molecule. Crystal structure of a monoclonal immunoglobulin (IgG2a). IgG antibodies are composed of 2 long heavy chains and 2 shorter light ch...

Growth hormone receptor, molecular model

Fab fragments complexed with lysozyme

Human Vh-1 related dual spec.phosphatase Vhr

Human serum albumin molecule, illustration

Lysozyme complexed with an antibody, molecular model. Lysozymes are enzymes that disrupt the polysaccharide components of bacterial cell walls, leavin...

DNA repair enzyme. Molecular model of the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) repair enzyme dioxygenase bound to a molecule of DNA (red and blue).

Aspirin in action. Computer artwork showing how aspirin has its effect. Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) is converted to salicylic acid and acetic acid ...

Pit-1 transcription factor bound to DNA. Molecular model showing pituitary-specific positive transcription factor 1 (Pit-1) (yellow and pink) bound to...

AIDS, reverse transcriptase/Hept complex

subtraction educational task for children with insects Cartoon Illustration of Educational Mathematical Subtraction Puzzle Game for Children with Insects Animal Characters Copyright: xZoonar.com/IgorxZakowskix 14800458

Molecular model of bacteriorhodopsin, ribbon

Multidrug transporter molecule, illustration

MHC class II/influenza haemagglutin peptide

Immunoglobulin Fc & fragment B of protein A

SARS antibody, illustration

Doping drugs and pills in the shape of a road bicycle racer on a bike.

Proteasome, illustration

Map of Italy, Sardinia highlighted. Political map of Italy with the several regions where Sardinia is highlighted.

Karyotype showing the arrangement of chromosomes in a male or female with Edward's syndrome (trisomy-18). Edward's syndrome is caused by a chromosomal...

Histidine phosphocarrier protein, mol. model

Molecular model of renin inhibitor

Histidine phosphocarrier protein, mol. model

Map of Italy, Piemont highlighted. Political map of Italy with the several regions where Piemont is highlighted.

Aspartic proteinase superfamily,mol.models

AIDS, HIV proteinase, molecular model

AIDS, HIV proteinase with inhibitor, m.model

DNA helix, prescription document with signature, and placeholder text. Ideal for medical research, pharmaceuticals, healthcare, genetics, biotechnology, scientific publications, and educational. Medical Research and Pharmaceutical Vector Cover with DNA Helix and Prescription Document

EcoRV enzyme restriction site, illustration