Medieval Justice and Martyrdom

Woodcuts illustrating scenes of 15th-16th century justice, including punishment and martyrdom, showcasing detailed historical imagery.

Schoolboy having knowledge beaten into him with the birch, a scene familiar to schoolboys in Europe and Britain. Illustration for February from 'Les petites Heures a l'usage de Chartres', 1526. Woodcut .

Assets in this Story

Court session, in the foreground the criminal is being pulled up by the throat, in the background one can see the various death blows, facsimile of a woodcut by Hans Burgkmait, 15th century, Germany, digitally restored reproduction of an original 19th century print, exact original date not known, Europe

Hans Baldung Grien (German, 1484-1485-1545), Martyrdom of Saint Lawrence, 1505, woodcut

Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528). The little passion on wood: ECCE HOMO (BARTSCH 35). 1509. Museum of Fine Arts in the city of Paris, Petit Palais. 77216-15 ECCE HOMO, Gospel according to Saint John, New Testament, Passion of Christ, Renaissance, Life Christ, Engraving

Alexander has wound dressed that he received from Darius. unknown c. 1600 Tapestry Dimensions: H 10'5" x W 10'2" Tapestry Materials/Techniques: unknown Culture: Flemish Weaving Center: Brussels Ownership History: French & Co. received from Estate of Flora P. Kempner (Murray Levine) 2/29/1944; returned 10/26/1951 also lists: 9/5/1951. Crowned Alexander, surrounded by his generals, has wound on his knee treated by his doctor who kneels before him (R of center, foreground); woman brings pitcher on platter (L, foreground); 2 kneeling women with dish & pitcher (L of center, middle ground); army (L, background); men at combat practice (center, background) (BRD) vases of flowers & fruit interspersed with putti, female figures in corners; (UPR & LWR BRD) oval cartouches with figural scenes in center This panel is not after the Le Brun compositions. French & Co. stock sheet in archive, 76906

Job in conversation with his friends. Copy in mirror image to a print of Hans Sebald

Schoolboy having knowledge beaten into him with the birch, a scene familiar to schoolboys in Europe and Britain. Illustration for February from Les petites Heures a l'usage de Chartres, 1526. Woodcut

Partnership with Laban. Orley, Bernart van (Netherlandish (before 1600) - Flanders, ca.1492-1542) (author of design) painter Kempener, Willem I (Netherlandish (before 1600) - Flanders, act.1534-1548) (workshop) weaver c. 1530-1535 Tapestry Materials/Techniques: unknown Culture: Flemish Weaving Center: Brussels Ownership History: Believed to have been delivered to merchant in Antwerp (1534). Cardinal Lorenzo Campeggi coll. (before 1539). Malvezzi-Campeggi coll. (until 1898/1900). Count Tiele-Weichler, Germany (then Switzerland). French & Co. Purchased by government of Belgium (1950). Belgium, Brabant, Brussels, Musées royaux d'art et d'histoire. Inscriptions: City mark on lower guard location unknown; not visible in photograph; weaver mark location unknown; not visible in photograph Inscriptions: Inscription in upper border cartouche: POSTVLAT ABDVCTAS NATAS.. In landscape, Laban agrees to give Jacob all black & spotted sheep & goats as wages (Genesis 30:25-43); at L, figures surroundin

Lucas Cranach the Elder (German, 1472 - 1553), Ecce Homo, in or before 1509, woodcut

Apollo, in Greek and Roman mythology the god of light, spring, moral purity and moderation as well as divination and the arts, on Mount Parnasus in Greece, 1502, after a painting by Hans Suess of Kulmbach, Historic, digitally restored reproduction from a 19th century original

Schoolboy having knowledge beaten into him with the birch, a scene familiar to schoolboys in Europe and Britain. Illustration for February from 'Les petites Heures a l'usage de Chartres', 1526. Woodcut .

justice penitentiary system torture convict bounded on board with nails copper engraving by Boccaccio illustration 15th century,

The first representation of the people of the new world. From a woodcut published between 1497 and 1504.

Betrayal of Christ Albrecht Dürer (German, 1471-1528). Betrayal of Christ, 1509-1511; edition of 1511. Woodcut on laid paper, Sheet: 5 3/16 x 4 in. (13.2 x 10.2 cm). European Art 1509-1511; edition of 1511

Christopher Columbus on board his ship, during his first voyage to the west, 16th century. The Arts of the Middle Ages and at the Period of the Renaissance by Paul Lacroix, 1874

Woodblock engraving depicting a 16th century Italian kitchen. Dated 16th century

gastronomy kitchen cook & kitchen helpers working woodcut ""Scuola di cucina"" by Cristoforo Messisburgo Ferrara 1549 Italy cooking frying fowl vegetables pan 16th century,

Execution site with gallows and wheel, around 1500, facsimile of a woodcut by Emperor Maximilian I Theuerdank, illustrated by Hans Burgkmair, digitally restored reproduction of a 19th century original, exact original date not known

The Selling of Indulgences. Artist: Designed by Hans Holbein the Younger (German, Augsburg 1497/98-1543 London). Dimensions: Sheet: 3 1/4 × 10 5/8 in. (8.3 × 27 cm). Date: 16th century. Museum: Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA.

The slander of Apelles ..

Ferdinand Alvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alva (1508-82) Spanish general and statesman. As lieutenant-general in the Netherlands 1567-73, enforced brutal anti-Protestant rule. Alva embracing the Papacy (Babylon/corruption) Engraving published in the Netherland

fine arts, Amman, Jost (1539-1591), woodcut, fight scene, from ""Heldenbuch"", printed by Sigmund Feyerabend, Frankfurt on the Main, Germany, 1590, facsimile from ""Der Formenschatz"" (Art Treasure) published by Georg Hirth, 1884,

Print from the 'Dance of Death' by Hans Holbein the Younger (1497-1543) a German and Swiss artist and printmaker. Dated 16th Century

Parthian riders. Old 19th century engraved illustration from La Nature 1884

Cartouche with five pieces and a shot deer or reindeer. Draughtsman: Pieter Jansz.. Dating: 1630 - 1672. Measurements: h 92 mm × w 198 mm. Museum: Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam.

Illness spears Stag and Death sounds his Horn. unknown c. 1495-1525 Tapestry Dimensions: H 3'3/8" x W 2'11" Tapestry Materials/Techniques: wool (warp: 5-6/cm); wool & silk (weft) Culture: Southern Netherlands Ownership History: Commissioned by Guy de Baudreuil, abbé comendataire of the abbey of Saint-Martin-aux-Bois in the doicese of Beauvais. M. and Mme. Kermaingant coll., Paris, by 1886. Property of French & Co. by 1923. Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Lehman coll., New York, 1923. Bequeathed to the MMA by Adele L. Lehman, in memory of Arthur Lehman, 1965. United States, New York, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, accno. 65.181.21. Inscriptions: Inscription in lower central field on banderole: Voy le veneur espouventable. Qui la mort du cerf a emprise / Cest maladie la doubtable. De qui la charogne est sourprise / Elle luy fait forte etreprise. Car de lespieu le coup luy done / Apres la mort viet cornez. prise. Aisi que teps si lordone Inscriptions: Inscription in central field on garmen

fine arts, Bruegel, Pieter the Elder (circa 1525 - 1569), ""Elck and Nemo"" (Everybody and Nobody), 1558, coper engraving, by Ioan Galle, (1600 -1675), 27.7 cm x 29.7 cm, private collection,

trade storehouse of an Augsburg merchant woodcut to Francesco Petrarca ""Trostspiegel in Glueck und Unglueck"" Frankfurt am Main printed by Christ. Erben 1596,

Historical illustration from the 19th Century, depiction of the tortures of the early Christians under Emperor Nero of the Roman Empire in the 1st Century

Plan of the island of Utopia. From Thomas Moore's work depicting an ideal state where reason ruled, Utopia 1518 (Ist edition 1516) Woodcut

The parting of Columbus with Ferdinand and Isabella, 3rd August 1492

Lead smelting. From Agricola 'De re metallica', Basel 1556. Woodcut

Huwelijksfeest van Amor en Psyche.On the right in a basin for a cave, Mars and Venus are washed by eight putti. Central different mythological figures around a table, including Mercury and a Sater. Above many musicians. On the left a large group of mythological figures and exotic animals, including Bacchus, a Sater and an elephant, standing and lying around a table. The table covered with luxury crockery is covered with grape vines under a canopy. In the air, a large putto floats with wind instrument on cloud.

Constantinople. Nuremberg Chronicle, 1494. Detail.

Illustration of John Calvin (1509-1564) an influential French theologian and pastor during the Protestant Reformation. on his deathbed. Dated 16th Century

Destruction of a Germanic village by the Romans, relief at the Colonna Antonina, the Column of Marcus Aurelius in Rome, 1800, woodcut, Italy, Europe

Thirteen Ornamental Letters (A, E, H, O, V, T). Germany, 16th century. Prints; woodcuts. Woodcut

He downs Goliath with a pebble from a brook - illustration to Wynkyn de Worde's 1530 edition of 'The XII Profytes of Tribulacyon'

Illustration depicting the winner of the King of the Bean on Twelfth Night. Dated 19th Century

Jacob and his family in Egypt. Orley, Bernart van (Netherlandish (before 1600) - Flanders, ca.1492-1542) (author of design) painter Kempener, Willem I (Netherlandish (before 1600) - Flanders, act.1534-1548) (workshop) weaver c. 1530-1535 Tapestry Materials/Techniques: unknown Culture: Flemish Weaving Center: Brussels Ownership History: Believed to have been delivered to merchant in Antwerp (1534). Cardinal Lorenzo Campeggi coll. (before 1539). Malvezzi-Campeggi coll. (until 1898/1900). Count Tiele-Weichler, Germany (then Switzerland). French & Co. Purchased by government of Belgium (1950). Belgium, Brabant, Brussels, Musées royaux d'art et d'histoire. Inscriptions: City mark on lower guard location unknown; not visible in photograph; weaver mark location unknown; not visible in photograph Inscriptions: Inscription in upper border cartouche: ADVOCAT ATQZ PAREM.. In landscape, before architectural setting, meeting of Jacob & Joseph in Goshen (Genesis 46:28-34, 47:1-12); in background, Ja

Marggraff Hainrich in Marhern ... Dated: c. 1503. Dimensions: sheet: 26.3 × 17.9 cm (10 3/8 × 7 1/16 in.). Medium: woodcut on laid paper. Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington DC. Author: Master of the Miracles of Mariazell.

Basin maker. 19th century reproduction of 16th century woodcut by Jost Amman

Albrecht Altdorfer (German, 1480 or before-1538), Presentation of the Virgin, c. 1513, woodcut

Scenes from the Story of Fauvel, 15th century, (1870). Artist: Unknown

'En mon temps il est certain que tout meurt naturellement' In my time, all nature dies Date: 16th century

Catalan literature. 15th century. Art of dying well. Chapter nine: the devil tempts with greed. Catalan edition printed in Zaragoza in 1493 by Pau Hurus. Engraving.

allegorical scene. unknown c. 1530 Tapestry Dimensions: H 6'4" x W 10'8" Tapestry Materials/Techniques: unknown Culture: Flemish Weaving Center: Tournai Ownership History: French & Co. 3 kings seated on platform surrounded by figures, each king addressing the figures in front of him; on L king directs women pouring flasks of liquid into vat; in center king gestures towards 3 figures, who gesture towards viscious looking goats on R; on R king gestures towards man & women being attacked by pigs Borders missing. No French & Co. stock sheet in archive, no stock number

Francois Ravaillac Louis XIII Marie de Medicis French Catholic zealot Huguenots murder of Henry IV Henry Iv of French regicide

Vergil, Opera.

Alkmaar, Schabaelje, Jan Philipsz, Amsterdam, Visscher, Claes Jansz. (II), Groeningen, Gerard van, Furnius, Pieter Jalhea, The Great Figurine Bible, Parable of the Sower, Leeringhe Iesu by Gelyckenissen, The burning of the weeds and the harvesting of the grain, lower right - handwritten in brown ink, The lord of the manor, with a scepter in his hand, gives the order to bring in the harvest. The grain is harvested and the weeds are gathered and burned. A boy holds the lord of the manor's garment. Below the image a reference in Latin to the Bible text in Mat. 13:30. This print is part of an album., print, prent, albumblad, prints, prenten, 53, height 201 mm, width 247 mm, 1540 - 1626, print maker, prentmaker, 1568 - 1568, paper, papier, engraving, engraving (printing process), Work conception, South Netherlands, 1515 - 1599, after a design by, Publication (Event), Publication, North Netherlands, 1586 - 1652-06-19, publisher, uitgever, Publicatie, 1592 - 1656-04

Germany, Altdorfer, Albrecht, The Fall and Redemption of Mankind, Carrying of the Cross, verso bottom center - handwritten, Christ on his knees, carrying the cross on his shoulders. Behind him a crowd of people, in front of him a soldier about to strike with a rope. Twenty-seventh print from a series of forty., print, prent, prints, prenten, 58, height 72 mm, width 48 mm, 1480 - 1538, print maker, prentmaker, 1506 - 1538, first quarter 16th century, second quarter 16th century, paper, papier, houtsnede

LITOGRAFIA DE S ISIDRO. Location: BIBLIOTECA MUNICIPAL. MADRID. SPAIN. SAN ISIDRO LABRADOR.

The caption for this engraving reads: Scenes of the attack and torture of Ravaillac, with portraits of Henri IV, Marie de Medicis, Louis XIII, Ravaillac; after an etching by an anonymous engraver. Francois Ravaillac murdered the French king Henry IV in 1610. He was a Catholic zealot and sought to persuade Henry IV to convert the Huguenots to Catholicism. Ravaillac was arrested after the assassination and tortured to divulge his acocmplices, but he maintained he had none. He was condemned to death. Henry IV was succeeded by his son Louis XIII. Marie de Medicis was the wife of Henry IV.

Huwelijksfeest van Amor en Psyche.On the right in a basin for a cave, Mars and Venus are washed by eight putti. Central different mythological figures around a table, including Mercury and a Sater. Above many musicians. On the left a large group of mythological figures and exotic animals, including Bacchus, a Sater and an elephant, standing and lying around a table. The table covered with luxury crockery is covered with grape vines under a canopy. In the air, a large putto floats with wind instrument on cloud.

Execution by burning at the stake. Persons accused of spreading plague were dealt with summarily, and the slightest suspicion was enough for someone to be condemned by a frightened populace. From Sebastian Munster 'Cosmographia Universalis', Basle, 1552

SAMSON DERRIBA EL TEMPLO. Grabado de 1889. Álbum de Historia Sagrada (La Santa Biblia en imágenes). Dibujo de Julio Schnorr de Carolsfeld.

Emilia-Romagna Ferrara Ferrara Museo Civico di Schifanoia46. Hutzel, Max 1960-1990 General Notes: INCOMPLETE RECORD--NEGATIVES PROCESSED, PRINTS FILED German-born photographer and scholar Max Hutzel (1911-1988) photographed in Italy from the early 1960s until his death. The result of this project, referred to by Hutzel as Foto Arte Minore, is thorough documentation of art historical development in Italy up to the 18th century, including objects of the Etruscans and the Romans, as well as early Medieval, Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque monuments. Images are organized by geographic region in Italy, then by province, city, site complex and monument.

The Year's End, Hans Sebald Beham, German, 1500-1550, Engraving on off-white laid paper, 7 in a series of 10 plates, 1546, figures, Print, Print

A woodcut engraving depicting galleons exchanging broadsides - note the sternpost rudder on the ship on the left. Dated 16th century

Keisnijder or the Witch of Mallegem. Mallegem's cobblestone or witch. In the midst of a group of fools, a quack in the light of a lantern performs an operation where a boulder is cut out of the patient's head. Right a screaming woman seated on the shoulders of an old woman. Right for cutting boulders in a large egg. In the background a water mill and fantastic beings.

The Washing of the Feet, from The Little Passion by Albrecht Dürer, 1511, Historical, digital reproduction of an original from the 19th century

Royal banquet, 15th century, (1910). Artist: Unknown

Maximilian I and his young wife Mary of Burgundy, digitally enhanced reproduction of an original from 1880

Historic print of 1650, copper engraving from a book by Philipp von Zesen also known as Filip Coesius, Caesius or Ritterhold von Blauen, 1619 - 1689, a German Protestant hymnwriter and writer, from Bildatlas zur Geschichte der Deutschen Nationalliteratur, an illustrated atlas by Gustav Koennecke, 1887

Woodblock engraving depicting the principles of leverage. Dated 16th century

Pindar (Pidare), a plate from Les Images Ou Tableaux De Platte Peinture Des Deux Philostrates Sophistes Grecs, by Blaise de Vigenère, Paris, 1615. Engraving circa 1615, by Leonard Gaultier. Gaultier, or Galter, was a French engraver, born at Mainz about 1561, and died in Paris in 1641. Les images ou tableaux de platte peinture des deux Philostrates sophistes grecs, et Les statues de Callistrate by Philostratus, the Athenian, active 2nd century-3rd century; Philostratus, the Lemnian, 3rd cent; Callistratus, active 3rd century/4th century. Pindar (c. 522 c. 443 BC); an Ancient Greek lyric poet from Thebes.

Historical print from the 19th century, scene at the court of Rene I d'Anjou or Renatus of Anjou, 1409 - 1480

Portrait of tsar Peter I the Great on horse by Anonymous artist, Copper engraving, 1693, Russia, Moscow, State History Museum

gastronomy meals feast wood engraving after miniature 2nd half 15th century,

Joseph's departure. unknown c. 1550-1600 Tapestry Dimensions: H 8'7" x W 12'5" Tapestry Materials/Techniques: unknown Culture: Flemish Weaving Center: unknown Ownership History: French & Co. received from Mr. Hunt, 2/15/1913; returned, 3/4/1920 SS 9664. French & Co, purchased from J. H. Hunt, 9/14/1940 SS 19829. Jacob sends Joseph to his brothers, who are taking care of their father's flock at Shechem (Genesis 37:12-35); Joseph's mother, Rachel () & another female figure stand nearby under doorway (L & R BRD) scrolling acanthus leaf motif Upper & lower borders missing. French & Co. stock sheet in archive, 9664 French & Co. stock sheet in archive, 19829

Venetian courtesans, after a painting by Carpaccio in the Venetian gallery, historical woodcut, about 1865

'How Six Travelled Through the World', 1901. Artist: Edward Henry Wehnert.

CARCEL DE AMOR-GRABADO POR ROSEMBACK EN 1493-ORIGINAL EN EL MUSEO BRITANICO. Author: DIEGO DE SAN PEDRO (1437-1498). Location: BIBLIOTECA NACIONAL-COLECCION. MADRID. SPAIN.

PITA , MARIA. MAYOR FERNANDEZ DE LA CAMARA Y PITA. HEROINA ESPAÑOLA.SIGLO XVI. " MARIA PITA DA MUERTE A UN ALFEREZ INGLES EN EL ATAQUE DE ESTOS A LA CORUÑA EN 1589 ". GRABADO DE FERRER Y ROS.

Maximilian I. in disputation with the representatives of the seven free guilds, woodcut, 1880, Germany, Europe

The Last Supper. unknown, graphic artist, Łazarski, Zygmunt (1885-1943), publisher

The 'Small Passion' series, 1509-1511, (1936). Artist: Albrecht Dürer

'Semele', 1615. Artist: Leonard Gaultier

Descent from the Cross Albrecht Dürer (German, 1471-1528). Descent from the Cross, 1509-1511; edition of 1511. Woodcut on laid paper, Sheet: 5 3/16 x 4 1/16 in. (13.2 x 10.3 cm). European Art 1509-1511; edition of 1511

Woodcut engraving depicting a shower of meteors seen as knights fighting with swords, Basel, Switzerland. Dated 16th century

Woodcut engraving depicting a hoist being used to raise materials to the top of a tower.

Andria, from The Comedie of Terence, 19th century reprint. Artist: Albrecht Dürer (German, Nuremberg 1471-1528 Nuremberg). Dimensions: sheet: 3 1/2 x 5 5/8 in. (8.9 x 14.3 cm). Date: n.d.. Museum: Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA.

Tomb of Louis de Breze, Cathedrale Rouch, vintage engraving. Tomb of Louis de Breze, Cathedrale Rouch, vintage engraved illustration. Magasin Pittoresque 1843. Copyright: xZoonar.com/PatrickxGuenettex 10660348

Mine ventilation shaft topped with a device to extract the stale air from the mine. H is a vane to make the barrel revolve so that is always facing in the optimum wind direction. From De re metallica, by Agricola, pseudonym of Georg Bauer,Basle 1556,

Wire Worker. From 16th century woodcut by Jost Amman.

Woodcut, The Last Judgement, Hans Holbein the Younger, Dance of Death, 1538

Rhinoplasty: nose correction Date: Sixteenth century

'The Clockmaker', 16th century, (1870).Artist: Jost Amman

The extraction of metals, 1552. Engraving.

Garden of Earthly Delights by Netherlandish master, woodcut, 1460, Russia, Moscow, State A. Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts

The Ship of Fools by Sebastian Brant, 1494, late medieval moral satire. Of boasting and arrogance, Knight of Brunndrut boasts of the Battle of Murten although he was one of the first to flee, Historical, digitally restored reproduction from a 19th century original

'Hints to the ladies to take care of their heads', 1776. Artist: Unknown

Historia. Primera cruzada. Asalto de la ciudad de Jerusalén, en 1099. Grabado de 1906.

Alexander in battle with fantastic creatures in human form with horse heads and giant teeth, from the Brussels manuscript of the priest Lamprecht, Bel...

Battle in the Palace of Priam. Jean Mignon (France, active Fontainebleau, 1535-1555). France, 1544-1545. Prints; etchings. Etching

Following Portuguese navigator Vasco da Gama's success in discovering a sea route around Africa to India in 1498, King Manuel I commissioned Pedro Alvares Cabral to lead a second voyage of 13 ships and 1,500 men to India. Although he intended to stay close to the west coast of Africa, Cabral sailed far off course and accidentally chanced upon the coast of South America. According to the Treaty of Tordesillas of 1494, any land falling within 370 leagues 2.060 km west of the Cape Verde Islands was to belong to Portugal, whereas any land discovered west of this meridian would be Spanish territory, as decreed by Spanish-born Pope Alexander VI. The coastline of Brazil therefore fell within the Portuguese sphere of influence and was colonized by Manuel I. Cabral left two men there as ambassadors and continued across the south Atlantic, rounded the Cape of Good Hope, fought off Arab merchants in East Africa, and finally reached Calicut in India in September 1500.

A woodcut engraving depicting a hut built of whalebone. Dated 16th century

Tomb of Louis de Breze, Cathedrale Rouch, vintage engraved illustration. Magasin Pittoresque 1843.

Pamphlet of the german teacher Wilhelm Boss, regarding 3 scriveners from the city of Schwaebisch Hall, Germany / Flugblatt des deutschen Schulmeisters Wilhelm Boß über drei Schreiber in Schwäbisch Hall, Deutschland, 1582, historisch, C:CC5historical, digital improved reproduction of an original from the 19th century / digitale Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 19. Jahrhundert, Originaldatum nicht bekannt.

The preparation and baking of mazzot, in a woodcut from Holland. 17th century. 1663

The Tiber harbour with merchant ships in Rome, Italy, relief in the Torlonia Museum, c. 200 BC, Historic, digitally restored reproduction of a 19th century original, exact date unknown, Europe

Making bread in oven with bath next door from Olaus Magnus Historia de Gentibus Septentrionalibus 1555 (on hist Scandinavia )

Illustration of William III of England (1650-1702) sovereign Prince of Orange, Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Gelderland, and Overjissel in the Dutch Republic and King of England and Queen Mary II of England (1662-1694). Dated 17th Century

Courtly life in France at the time of Catherine de Medici, copper engraving by Johann Sadelet, 16th century

trade salt weigthing and unloading of salt woodcut 15th century ship harbour trader attendant middle ages,

Historic print, woodcut from 1501 from Abraham by the Benedictine nun Roswitha or Hrotsvitha von Gandersheim, German poet, 10th Century, from the Illustrated Atlas of the History of German National Literature by Gustav Koennecke, 1887

Creatures encountered by Alexander the Great, king of Macedon, during his invasion of Asia 6 of 7 Date: circa 330 BC

Christ Carrying the Cross Albrecht Dürer (German, 1471-1528). Christ Carrying the Cross, 1509; edition of 1511. Woodcut on laid paper, Sheet: 5 3/16 x 4 in. (13.2 x 10.2 cm). European Art 1509; edition of 1511

La Motte-Piquet Sauve un Convoi (Motte-Piquet Saves a Convoy) (Furnishing Fabric) Made 1782-1790 Nantes. Cotton, plain weave; copperplate printed . Petitpierre et Cie. (Producer)

September; Months of the year.A Fisherman to the water are Nets. Middle Above A Scales.

Woodblock engraving depicting a railway in a mine. The engraving is thought to be the earliest depicting of a railway. Dated 16th century

Helios. Personification of the Sun. Depicted as a young man riding a chariot pulled by four horses and with a crown of lightning. Engraving from Astronomicon, by the Latin author Gaius Julius Hyginus (64 BC-17 AD). Incunabula 283. Published in Venice, 1485. Library of the University of Barcelona. Catalonia, Spain.

The tower of wisdom, the various virtues, and the rules of life, by whose observance the wisdom is achieved, 1470, woodcut, Italy, Europe

Netherlands, Bray, Dirck de, Months of the year, October, verso lower left - stamped, Four women are pressing grapes in a large barrel. A fifth woman is catching the wine from a tap. In the foreground is a man with a loaded donkey. A scorpion is sitting on a wine barrel., print, prints, height 63 mm, width 112 mm, Noord-Nederlands, 1645 - 1694-05-09, print maker, printmaker, 1635 - 1694, paper, papier, houtsnede

Hans Burgkmair, known as the old (1473-1531). Der Weisse Koenig: Meeting of the two kings (Dornik-Ege 29). Xylography, 1512-1519. Museum of Fine Arts of the City of Paris, Petit Palais. Drawing, emperor, history, illustration, serious board, triumph, 16th 16th XVI 16th 16th 16th century, xylography, engraving

Woodcut depicting a witch, riding a goat (the devil) through the sky, making rain fall from the clouds. From Francesco Maria Guazzo (1500-1600) Compendium Maleficarum. Dated 17th Century

Engraving Spring, De Lente from Pieter Bruegel the Elder by Pieter Van Der Heyden showing mediaeval peasants, gardeners working in vegetable garden.

Wheelwright, 16th century (1849).Artist: Jost Amman

The Triumph of Death in the Camposanto fresco by Buffalmacco, Pisa. Tuscany, Italy. Europe. Drawing by Georges Profit. Travel through Tuscany 1881 by Eugene Muntz (1845 - 1902) Le Tour du Monde 1886

Paris, France. The Provost's prison, rue de la Tannerie. Engraving after a woodcut in "Praxis Rerum Civilium", by Joost de Damhouder (1507-1581). Published Antwerp, 1596. "Moeurs, usages et costumes au moyen-ge et à l'époque de la Renaissance", by Paul Lacroix. Paris, 1878.

LA CELESTINA - MUERTE DE PARMENO Y SEMPRONIO A LA IZQUIERDA Y MUERTE DE LA CELESTINA A LA DERECHA - SIGLO XVI. Author: FERNANDO DE ROJAS (1470-1541). Location: BIBLIOTECA NACIONAL-COLECCION. MADRID. SPAIN.

Mosaic discovery was Constantine in 1842 and should be soon transported to Paris, vintage engraving. Mosaic discovery was Constantine in 1842 and should be soon transported to Paris, vintage engraved illustration. Magasin Pittoresque 1843. Copyright: xZoonar.com/PatrickxGuenettex 10660365

Revolt of the Sea Beggars. From 1566 onwards, the inhabitants of the Netherlands who opposed the Spanish administration of Philip II are known as Geuzen. Cruelties against Catholics committed by Dutch Geuzen. Jean-Jerome von Edam and other Catholics in the town of Hoorn are tortured. Those who survive the first torments are tied up and laid on their backs, with a large cauldron placed on their bare bellies, upside down, with live dormice inside. The fire lit in the cauldrons enraged the dormice who, to save themselves, gnawed the stomachs and rummaged in the entrails of the tortured. On the left of the image, Sister Ursule Talese drowned in a river in Haarlem, and her sister killed with a rock. 19th-century facsimile after an engraving in "Theatrum Crudelitatum Haereticorum Nostri Temporis", Antwerp, 1587. "La Vie Militaire et Religieuse au Moyen Age et a l'Epoque de la Renaissance" by Paul Lacroix. Paris, 1877.

Copper engraving by Matthäus Zasinger (Meister MZ) from 1500 depicting a tournament scene, showing armored knights and jousting equipment.

John Maundeuill eateth rizt sauory fishes. Montevilla. Joh Pruss, 1484. Black and white illustration

Elck (Each). Heyden, Pieter van der (ca 1530-post 1584), graphic artist, Bruegel, Pieter, I (ca 1525-1569), draughtsman, cartoonist, Cock, Hieronymus (ca 1510-1570), publisher

Hans Burgkmair (1473-1531). "The triumph of Maximilien, a big wheel". Wood, 1512-1519. Museum of Fine Arts of the City of Paris, Petit Palais. 38103-8 Austrician archduke, Grande wheel, Roman, Holy Germanic Emperor, Triumph, Wood

Faith. Orley, Bernart van (Netherlandish (before 1600) - Flanders, ca.1492-1542) (author of design, attr.) painter Gossaert, Jan (Netherlandish (before 1600) - North Netherlands, ca.1472-ca.1533) (author of design, attr.) painter Aelst, Pieter van (Netherlandish (before 1600) - Flanders, act.1495-1532) (workshop) weaver c. 1520-1523 Tapestry Dimensions: H 4.97 x W 10.50 m Tapestry Materials/Techniques: wool & silk (weft); metallic thread (gold, weft); metallic thread (silver, weft) Culture: Southern Netherlands Ownership History: Charles V coll., Seville. Spain, Segovia, Segovia, Palacio de San Ildefonso, accno. A. 308-9964. Inscriptions: Inscription in upper border, left banderole: EXIMIE DUCTAT SACRAM VIRTUTIS IN ARCEM / PROVIDA NON RAROS VIS GENUINA VIROS Inscriptions: Inscription in upper border, center banderole: QUOS ASTREA SUO DIGNITA EST MUNERE VIRTUS / EXCIPIT & PALMIS ORNAT AMICA DATIS Inscriptions: Inscription in upper border, right banderole: AD SUBLIME VOCAT SACRATI CULMEN

Alexander fighting dragons and other fantastic beasts, miniatures in a 13th century manuscript by the priest Lambrecht, Brussels, Belgium, Alexander t...

One of the novel Frontispieces of Astree, old edition, vintage engraved illustration. Magasin Pittoresque 1841.

Noah's Ark. Woodcut from ''Golden Legend'', 1483, printed in London by William Caxton.

Constantinople. Nuremberg Chronicle, 1494. Author: Wilhelm Pleydenwurff. MICHAEL WOLGEMUT.

Assassination of the Duke of Burgundy, John the Fearless. on Bridge of Montereau, 1419. Chronicles of Monstrelet, 15th century.

Portrait of Amerigo Vespucci (1454-1512) an Italian explorer, financier, navigator and cartographer. Dated 16th Century

people marriage brides ""The shy Peasant's Bride"" copper engraving by Hendrick Goltzius Netherlands circa 1600,

German musicians playing flute and cornetto, 16th century. The Arts of the Middle Ages and at the Period of the Renaissance by Paul Lacroix, 1874

Aldegrever, Heinrich, Germany, Frisian with children at a well, Frisian with eight naked children at a well. On both the left and right two children are trying to throw a third into the well. Behind the well are two children with a drum and a flute., print, ornament print, prints, height 36 mm, width 92 mm, German, 1502 - 1561, print maker, printmaker, 1539 - 1539, second quarter 16th century, paper, engraving, engraving (printing process), Work conception, after own design by

The Water Torture. The prisoner was tied with ropes to a sloping ladder or surface so that his head was lower than his feet. In this position, a cloth was forced down into his mouth, and water was slowly poured down his throat with a pitcher so that he swallowed it until it burst. Facsimile of an engraving from "Praxis Rerum Criminalium", by J. Damhouder". Antwerp, 1556. "Moeurs, usages et costumes au moyen-ge et à l'époque de la Renaissance", by Paul Lacroix. Paris, 1878.

Ice skating on the frozen Seine River near Paris, France, historical woodcut, circa 1888, Europe

Sorcerer Elymas (Elymes, Bar-Jesus) is struck blind by St. Paul. Raphael (Italian, 1483-1520) (cartoon creator) painter Lefebvre, Pierre (French, b.1579-d.1669) (workshop) weaver c. 1650 Tapestry Materials/Techniques: unknown Culture: French Weaving Center: Paris Ownership History: Cardinal (Jules) Mazarin (d. 1661) coll. (9 pieces). Marquis de Mancini coll. (9 pieces ). Crown of Italy, Palazzo reale (Milan) (7 pieces). Additional panel in set documented in archives in Monaco. Italy, Marches, Pesaro e Urbino, Urbino, Palazzo Ducale. Inscriptions: Inscription on podium below emperor: L. SERGIUS PAVLLUS / ASIAE PROCOS / CHRISTIANAM FIDEM / AMPLECTITVR / SAVLI PREDICATIONE Inscriptions: Inscription in cartouche in lower border: ACTA POST CAP Sergius Paulus, Roman governor, enthroned, wears laurel wreath; surrounded by citizens holding fasces; Elymas tries to prevent SS. Paul & Barnabas from speaking, & Paul then strikes him blind (UPR BRD) coat of arms flanked by putti heads & festoons te

A woodcut engraving depicting the baths of Plombiere. Mixed public baths were a feature of city life, particularly in many of the German city-states, but were banned after syphilis and gonorrhoea reached epidemic proportions. Dated 16th century

Engraving after William Hogarth (1697 - 1764) from his series, "Hudibras", a poem by Samuel Bulter (1613-1680), satirising the Cromwellians and Presbyterian Church. Plate I: "Frontispiece" which includes a portrait of Samuel Butler.

A woodcut engraving depicting an artist using a drawing aid to get the proportions of a portrait correct. Engraving by Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528) a German painter, printmaker, and theorist of the Renaissance. Dated 17th century

Apostles' busts. unknown c. 1500-1535 Tapestry Dimensions: H 2'6" x W 14' Tapestry Materials/Techniques: wool & silk; metallic thread Culture: Southern Netherlands Ownership History: Bacri coll., Paris. French & Co. purchased from Bacri Frères 4/24/1917; sold section with SS. John & Bartholomew to G. B. McCallum 4/29/1920 & section with SS. Peter & Andrew to Thomas J. Flannery Jr. 12/18/1963. Thomas J. Flannery Jr. coll., Chicago. Mayorcas coll., 38 Jermyn Street, London (by 2/1984) both pieces acquired & then rejoined. England, Greater London, London, Christie's, Feb. 12, 1999, lot 313. Inscriptions: Inscriptions in central field below each figure (L to R): S. Petrus, Saint andrea, S. Jehen evangelius & saint bartholomew Interspersed between arcade with pilaster divides, 4 apostles with inscriptions below identifying each; L to R, St. Peter holding key & book; St. Andrew holding cross & book; St. John the Evangelist holding chalice; St. Bartholomew holding knife & book This is just a

Vita di sancti padri, Italian woodcut 1497

A woodcut from the Middle Ages showing a rabid dog

Allegory of the Pacification of Ghent, a treaty between the provinces whereby they agree to set aside their differences and unite in resistance to Spanish rule. Date: 8 November 1576

SERT , JOSE MARIA. PINTOR ESPAÑOL. BARCELONA 1874 - 1945. " SIMBAD EL MARINO " , BOCETO PARA EL SALON DE MUSICA DE JOSHUE GORDON. COLECCION PARTICULAR Dr. PUIGVERT. BARCELONA.

Print (Germany)

Lazio Viterbo Orte S. Silvestro Museo Diocesano d'Arte Sacra1. Hutzel, Max 1960-1990 Medieval: Romanesque architecture (12th century), architectural sculpture, 8th century mosaic, paintings on canvas and panel, including 13th century panel with scenes from the life of St. Francis, sculpture, carved wooden coffin, church furnishings. Post-medieval: Paintings on canvas and panel Antiquities: Fragments of sculpture German-born photographer and scholar Max Hutzel (1911-1988) photographed in Italy from the early 1960s until his death. The result of this project, referred to by Hutzel as Foto Arte Minore, is thorough documentation of art historical development in Italy up to the 18th century, including objects of the Etruscans and the Romans, as well as early Medieval, Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque monuments. Images are organized by geographic region in Italy, then by province, city, site complex and monument.

Medieval engraving titled 'Venus'. Venus was considered a female planet and those born under Venus loved clothes and ornaments. Dated 16th Century

The Nuremberg Chronicle is an illustrated world history. Its structure follows the story of human history as related in the Bible; it includes the histories of a number of important Western cities. Written in Latin by Hartmann Schedel, with a version in German translation by Georg Alt, it appeared in 1493. It is one of the best-documented early printed books - an incunabulum (printed, not hand-written) - and one of the first to successfully integrate illustrations and text.

trade, warehouses, vaulted sales area of a merchant, woodcut, coloured, from ""Officia"", Augsburg, Germany, 1535,

Vegetius Basel, 1535

Sheet 2(Blatt2). Artist: Oskar Fischer, 1892-1956

Levantamiento del somatén de Barcelona contra el rey Juan II. Historia popular de Catalunya, de Alfons Roure. Editada en Barcelona, 1919. Dibujo de Joan Vila i Pujol (Joan d'Ivori) (Barcelona, 1890-1947).

Umbria Terni Narni S. Giovenale, Cathedral9. Hutzel, Max 1960-1990 Medieval: Architectural sculpture, cosmati pavement, wall painting, mosaic (12th century). Post-medieval: 1982 & 1986 photos Architecture, architectural sculpture (17th century); painting, frescoes (17-18th century); sculpture, tombstones (16-18th century); metalwork, processional cross, candlestick, reliquary, chalice (16-17th century) General Notes: Site comprises two separate photo campaigns. Bibliographic material sent, now in Center Library German-born photographer and scholar Max Hutzel (1911-1988) photographed in Italy from the early 1960s until his death. The result of this project, referred to by Hutzel as Foto Arte Minore, is thorough documentation of art historical development in Italy up to the 18th century, including objects of the Etruscans and the Romans, as well as early Medieval, Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque monuments. Images are organized by geographic region in Italy, then by province,

Ixion was expelled from Olympus and blasted with a thunderbolt. Zeus ordered Hermes to bind Ixion to a winged fiery wheel that was always spinning. Plate from Les Images Ou Tableaux De Platte Peinture Des Deux Philostrates Sophistes Grecs, by Blaise de Vigenère, Paris, 1615. Engraving circa 1615, by Leonard Gaultier. Gaultier, or Galter, was a French engraver, born at Mainz about 1561, and died in Paris in 1641. In Greek mythology, Ixion was king of the Lapiths, the most ancient tribe of Thessaly, and a son of Ares, or Leonteus, or Antion and Perimele, or the notorious evildoer Phlegyas

Christ Heals One Sick Of The Palsey, Bruno Bramanti, (1897-1957 Italian)

Don Quixote fighting against windmills. Orley, Jan van (Flemish, 1665-1735) (designed after) painter Coppens, Augustin (Flemish, 1668-1740) (designed after) draughtsman c. 1710-1730 Tapestry Materials/Techniques: unknown Culture: Flemish Weaving Center: Brussels Ownership History: French & Co. In landscape before large windmill, don Quixote as knight, fallen from horse is followed by Sancho on donkey (BRD) narrow scrolling foliage motif French & Co. stock sheet missing from archive, 20083 Delmarcel, Flemish Tapestry (1999), 316-319 Related Works: Panels in set: GCPA 0239211-0239213

Seconda guerra Dacica Second Dacian War still image. 1700 - 1799. The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs: Picture Collection. Navigation, Lanterns, Torches, Rowing, Dacian War, 2nd, 105-106, Romans, Galleys (Ships), Bas-reliefs , Rome , To 499

St George and the Dragon, The Princess taken to the Dragon, 1861-62 Dante Gabriel Rossetti, Drawing, Ink, Stained Glass, Pre-Raphaelite, Design, Wash drawing, Religion, Saint, Legend

Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire (1519-21). Construction of the Villa Rica of La Vera Cruz, with the help of the Totonac Indians. Board 3 belonging to a set of 24 boards made with the "enconchado" technique (fragments of mother-of-pearl embedded in the wooden surface, and soft layers of paint are added to the shiny surface). Painted by Juan and Miguel Gonzalez (active in the second half of the17th century). Reign of Charles II. Oil on panel and nacre. Viceroyalty of New Spain. Mexico, 1698. Museum of the Americas. Madrid, Spain.

le miroir de la rédemption. The first woodcut illustrated french book 1480

Scheuchzer, 1731-33: memento mori

LouisXI playing chess. 15th cent. engraving. Plessis le Tours Cathedral.

Europe. Renaissance era. 16th century. Peasant couple embracing. Engraving by Jost Amman, 1599.

Making of jugs and flasks. 16th cent. German engraving.

Relief of the temple of Borobudur, Barabudur, in Java, one of the largest Buddhist temples in Southeast Asia, historical engraving of 1883

Allegorical composition representing the different degrees of university teaching. Facsimile of a wood engraving of the Margarita Philosophica. From Science and Literature in The Middle Ages by Paul Lacroix published London 1878

Jacques Callot (1592-1635). "Notre-Dame miracles of the Annunciade de Florence", "Domenico di Giusto". Twenty-third number of a suite of 42 pieces (Lieure 100, Meaume 282). Froz, 1615-1619. Museum of Fine Arts of the City of Paris, Petit Palais. 99594-29 Burin, Gravure

A group of fairies dancing in a ring close to the doorway of their fairy mound Date: circa 1600

The international exposition 1855, Paris, France, exhibition with the products of Algier, Algeria, woodcut, France, Africa

Panel (Furnishing Fabric) Made 1790 England. Cotton, plain weave; copperplate printed .

Historical drawing, 1596, interior view of Swan Theatre in London, England

Roman period. Trading vessel. Engraving, 19th century.

The jubilant Wunderhorn, cover picture of a German song collection from 1808, historical, digital reproduction of an original from the 19th century

Umbria Terni Terni Palazzo Spada0. Hutzel, Max 1960-1990 Post-medieval: Architecture (16th century). Triple-arched portal; frescos (16th century) German-born photographer and scholar Max Hutzel (1911-1988) photographed in Italy from the early 1960s until his death. The result of this project, referred to by Hutzel as Foto Arte Minore, is thorough documentation of art historical development in Italy up to the 18th century, including objects of the Etruscans and the Romans, as well as early Medieval, Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque monuments. Images are organized by geographic region in Italy, then by province, city, site complex and monument.

The Bayeux Tapestry, which represents the construction of the boats for Duke Guillaume, 1070. The Arts of the Middle Ages and at the Period of the Renaissance by Paul Lacroix, 1874

fine arts, Rethel, Alfred (1816 - 1859), graphic, series ""Auch eine Todtentanz / aus dem Jahr 1848"", Georg Wigand publisher, Leipzig, 1848, fifth sheet, woodcut,

Terrace of the Capuchin convent in Amalfi, in the Gulf of Salerno, vintage engraved illustration. Magasin Pittoresque 1847.

Arrested witches being tortured, Torture, 1613, Historical, digitally restored reproduction from an 18th or 19th century original.

Images for the lesson about the words: lean, knowing, subtle, fine, coarse, from Ars memorativa, 1475, woodcut, Germany, Europe

PERSONAJES DE LA LOZANA ANDALUZA. Location: BIBLIOTECA NACIONAL-COLECCION. MADRID. SPAIN.

German cityscape at the beginning of the 16th century after an engraving by Albrecht Duerer, St. Anthony in the foreground, Historic, digitally restored reproduction of a 19th century original, exact date not known

. Rectangular monochrome glass-in-lead diamond with allegorical representation of geometria, geometry. A female figure, Geometria personification, measures the globe lying on the ground with a passer. Two men links follow her measurement with interest. The one is dressed in contempora, while the robe of the other classic looks like.

Genre Scene, 1 of 4 Genre Scene, 1 of 4, 19th century. Ink and color on paper, 9 13/16 x 9 3/8 in. (25 x 23.8 cm). Asian Art 19th century

A woodcut engraving depicting a spaceship in clouds An object observed over North Africa in 1479 and interpreted as a comet. Dated 16th century

Engraving depicting an ancient Roman galley. Dated 2nd Century BC

Proclamación de la Unió de Valencia en 1347, imitando la Unión de Aragón. Historia popular de Catalunya, de Alfons Roure. Editada en Barcelona, 1919. Dibujo de Joan Vila i Pujol (Joan d'Ivori) (Barcelona, 1890-1947).

Saltcellar with scene of infant harvesters (one of a pair) ca. 1540-45 Attributed to Pierre Reymond Pierre Reymond, Colin Nouailher (active by 1539), and Léonard Limosin (ca. 1505-1575/77) were among the earliest enamelers in Limoges to decorate hollow wares. Both Reymond and Nouailher painted scenes of frolicking infants; in this case, the scenes were partly based on an engraving of 1529 by the Italian master IB. Another pair of salts, similar in form and style and signed with Reymonds initials, is now in the Musée des Beaux-Arts, Limoges.. Saltcellar with scene of infant harvesters (one of a pair). French, Limoges. ca. 1540-45. Painted enamel on copper, partly gilt. Enamels

A woodcut engraving titled "Transmutation of Metals": the King's son (Mercury) and the five servants (lead, tin, iron, copper and silver) are all made kings (gold) by the Magistrum Nostrum. Dated 16th century

Illustration from "Liber canonis de medicinis cordialibus" by Avicenna, Anonymous

Haymaking, early 17th century, (1910). Artist: Unknown

A woodcut from the book by Thomas Murner, Die Geuchmatt, with Murner's portrait as Chancellor of the Gauchmatt, digital reproduction of an original 19th century artwork

Chariot with organ, group of Maximilian I. Facsimile by Hans Burgkmair Woodcut: Maximilian's triumphal procession is a monumental work from the 16th c...

people, professions, raftman, raftwoman on river Isar at Munich, etching by Eugen Neureuther, 19th century,

BUILDING OF THE TOWER OF BABEL

The Pond at Elvetham, Hampshire at Queen Elizabeth 1st's Visit, 1591; Black and White Illustration;

Nathan Lacy. Engraving by A. Della Via.

The Chess Players. 19th century reproduction of miniature in 15th century manuscript The Three Ages of Man attributed to Estienne Porchier. The scene in in a salon of the Plessis-les-Tours castle the residence of Louis XI. In the player on the right the features of the king are recognizable

Woodcut print depicting how the distance between the shore and the ship was observed. Dated 16th Century

Boys at the Throwing Game, facsimile of a woodcut from the Heldenbuch zu Strasbourg-Hagenau of 1509, Germany, digitally restored reproduction of a 19t...

Middle Ages. Peasant. Scene. Engraving. 19th century.

The Last Supper, with a Spaniel ca. 1500 Attributed to Giovanni Pietro da Birago Italian. The Last Supper, with a Spaniel 335031

Bellows operated by a camshaft powered by a water wheel. This application of the medieval invention of the cam enabled both bellows to be powered by the same water wheel. From Biringuccio 'De la Pirotechnia' Venice 1540. Woodcut.

Wheel to lift water from a stream, engraving from Architecture ou art de bien bastir (Architecture or the art of building well), Volume X, by Marcus Vitruvius Pollio, 1547, Paris.

At the church, painting by Petersen, vintage engraved illustration. Magasin Pittoresque 1880.

RETRATO DE CARLOS BROSCHI CANTOR ITALIANO CONOCIDO COMO FARINELLI (1705-1782). Author: CORRADO GIAQUINTO (1703-1766).

8th November 1576 - the Pacification of Ghent was signed between Holland and Zeeland, on one side and the other Dutch provinces on the other side, an alliance for defence against the Spanish tyranny was established.

Quadrant being used to obtain the altitude of a tower. From Sebastian Munster 'Rudimenta Mathematica', Basle, 1551. Woodcut.

Astronomers. From the title page of 'Opera' of Appolonius of Perga, 1537.

A cartoon by George du Maurier about the future of telephones. Illustrated by George du Maurier (1834-1896) a Franco-British cartoonist and author. Dated 19th century

Museum Wormiani Historia 1655

GUY FAWKES AND THE CONSPIRATORS. London, UK, 19th century engraving

Vintage atlas map of fantasy world with baroque pattern, vignette, pirate ship, compass. Hand drawn graphic illustration, old transportation background in vintage style

FELIPE HUAMAN POMA DE AYALA. CRONISTA INDIGENA DEL VIRREINATO DEL PERU.1534-1615. ILUSTRACION DE SU OBRA , " NUEVA CRONICA Y BUEN GOBIERNO ". BIBLIOTECA DEL INSTITUTO DE COOPERACION IBEROAMERICANA. MADRID. OBISPADO CON BASE EN ASUNCION , PARAGUAY.