View of the Acropolis in Athens. Rising 490 ft above Athens lie the ruins of the citadel of Acropolis. The site spreads over 7.3 acres and dates back to the Middle Neolithic era (10,000 BCE). Several monumental spaces such as the Parthenon, Old Temple of Athena, Erechtheum, Temple of Athena Nike, Theatre of Dionysus Eleuthereus, and others can be found in the ruins. Most of the major temples, including the Parthenon, were rebuilt by order of Pericles during the so-called Golden Age of Athens (460Ai430 BC). Phidias, an Athenian sculptor, and Ictinus and Callicrates, two famous architects, were responsible for the reconstruction. Greece.