Three Cuttings from a Missal, c. 1470-1500. Germany, Franconia or Saxony () or Silesia (), 15th century. Ink, tempera and gold on vellum; each leaf: 17.6 x 9 cm (6 15/16 x 3 9/16 in.). These three cuttings are illuminated in a style that is somewhat provincial and difficult to localize. The figures relate to late 15th-century German woodcut illustration, but also vaguely recall Franconian sculpture and Saxon painting. The figures are simply, though charmingly, sketched in heavy black ink with little attention to finesse of line or detail. The palette is confined to dark hues of red, blue, and ochre with flesh tones either left white or colored pink. The style hints at an origin in Franconia, Saxony, or Silesia. The initial E includes a form of musical notation called Hufnagalshrift or "horseshoe nail writing" because it resembles the nails used to attached horseshoes. Hufnagalshrift appears almost exclusively in manuscripts produced in Germanic Central Europe. The use of different c