Southern Netherlands, La Miserable oppression du Pays bas, De treurige preventie van de Nederlanden, 1569, The Tragic Oppression of the Netherlands, Allegory of the tyranny of the Duke of Alva in the Netherlands, 1569. On the left, the Duke of Alva sits on his throne with Granvelle (with bellows) and the devil, behind the duke are members of the Blood Council, including Vargas and Del Rio. In front of Alva kneel in chains the 17 personifications of the provinces of the Netherlands, on the right the mute members of the States-General. Above, Margaret of Parma fishes for riches in a pool of blood, behind that the beheading of Egmond and Horne and others in Brussels in 1568. In the background executions, on the left scenes of torture. With four-column caption in French., print, propaganda print, prints, Frederik Muller Historieplaten, height 412 mm, width 496 mm, print maker, printmaker, 1569 - 1569, third quarter 16th century, paper, engraving, engraving (printing process), letterpress p