Scoliosis therapy exercises. Therapist assessing and guiding a 12-year-old boy during exercises to treat a case of scoliosis. This condition, which can develop during childhood, is where the spine starts to twist sideways, usually due to an imbalance in the muscle groups supporting and pulling on the spine. In minor cases, as here, treatment involves exercises designed to rebalance the muscles and correct the deformation. This exercise is a series of repeated frontal arm extensions and flexions, carried out while standing. The therapist is holding the patient's head in position and observing the effect of the exercise on the patient's spinal posture.