Octagonal Box, 15th century, 9 1/4 x 12 5/8 x 12 5/8 in. (23.5 x 32.1 x 32.1 cm), Red and black carved lacquer (tixi), China, 15th century, A large, covered box such as this would have made a fine presentation gift in an upper-class household. It was constructed with a mesh fabric over its wooden core, then the lacquer exterior was built up through application of successive layers of black and red lacquer. Finally, it was carved in the tixi technique to reveal the three layers of black, barely visible in the red. Lacquer carved with pommel scroll motifs probably had its beginning in the late Song dynasty (1200s). It reached its greatest popularity during the Yuan (1300s) and early Ming era but continued well into the 1500s.