Headdress (beniqa), 1800s. Africa, North Africa, Algeria, Algerian embroiderer. Linen, silk, and metal; overall: 210.8 x 17.1 cm (83 x 6 3/4 in.). Beniqa were stylish headdresses that women wore when visiting the hammam (steam bath). The linen fabric absorbed the damp from their wet hair. With its gold and silver metal thread, shimmering spangles, and brightly colored threads forming flowers and vines, this beniqa was a ceremonial garment worn for the ritual bath before a Jewish womans wedding; it was also part of her dowry. After toweling off her hair, a woman made two braids, which she would then twist into the caps fabric and tie on her head, with the gold-fringed ends trailing down.