Hand pendant, about 1850, Unknown Arab, Berber, or Jewish, 5 1/2 x 3 1/2 in. (13.97 x 8.89 cm), Silver, enamel, glass, Morocco, 19th century, The hand motif as a sign of protection, widespread in northern Africa even today, dates back to ancient Mesopotamia. In Arab cultures, it is popularly called the 'Hand of Fatima,' after the Prophet Muhammads daughter, while Jews in the Maghreb call it khamsa, from 'five' in Arabic. The hand is believed to deflect the negative energy of the evil eye.