The Fourth King of Hell, late 1300s. Korea, Goryeo dynasty (918-1392). Hanging scroll, ink, color, and gold ink on silk; image: 63 x 45.3 cm (24 13/16 x 17 13/16 in.); overall: 136.2 x 58.9 cm (53 5/8 x 23 3/16 in.). Originally part of a set of ten, this hanging scroll depicts the Fourth King of Hell. Accompanied by his secretary, the king with bulging eyes is seated at the center, overseeing how well his verdict is being conducted. On the bottom, sinners are suffering in a giant cauldron filled with boiling water, constantly pierced by a guards burning spears. Ready-made Buddhist paintings from China, created in professional workshops in the port city of Ningbo, are believed to be prototypes for this Korean scrolls grotesque imagery.