Arab illustration of the Lion Pingalaka is one of the Panchatantra, an ancient Indian inter-related collection of animal fables in verse and prose. The original Sanskrit work, which some scholars believe was composed in the 3rd century BCE. A New Persian version from the 12th century became known as Kalleh o Demneh. The book in different form is also known as The Fables of Bidpai. 13th century