NEURON. NEURON A neuron is a nerve cell composed of a spherical body with a nucleus, an axon and cylindrical fiber-like extensions with irregular contours called dendrites. Neurons send and receive sensorial and motor messages. Incoming message arrive via the dendrite and reach the cell body where the information is analyzed and sent out again via the axon. The point of junction between the dendrites of one neuron and the axon of another neuron is called a nerve synapse. Different chemical su