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BIOLOGY LABORATORY. BIOLOGY LABORATORY Photo essay from laboratory. Laboratory of cellular microbiology at the University med...
BIOLOGY LABORATORY. BIOLOGY LABORATORY Photo essay from laboratory. Laboratory of cellular microbiology at the University medical centre of Geneva (Switzerland). Here, genetic manipulation of pathogenic bacteria.
BIOLOGY LABORATORY. BIOLOGY LABORATORY Photo essay from laboratory. Laboratory of cellular microbiology at the University med...
BIOLOGY LABORATORY. BIOLOGY LABORATORY Photo essay from laboratory. Laboratory of cellular microbiology at the University medical centre of Geneva (Switzerland). Here, genetic manipulation of pathogenic bacteria.
BIOTECHNOLOGY, GMO. BIOTECHNOLOGY, GMO GMOs in food. Illustration of an experiment for detecting the presence of a GMO in cor...
BIOTECHNOLOGY, GMO. BIOTECHNOLOGY, GMO GMOs in food. Illustration of an experiment for detecting the presence of a GMO in cornflakes. The transgenic corn DNA is placed in contact with probes which attach themselves to the modified gene. When observed under a laser beam, the contents of the test tube show up as fluorescent, revealing the presence of a GMO.
AIDS, RESEARCH. AIDS, RESEARCH Research into an AIDS virus vaccine. Illustration of the creation of a virus enabling the prod...
AIDS, RESEARCH. AIDS, RESEARCH Research into an AIDS virus vaccine. Illustration of the creation of a virus enabling the production of GP120 and GP41 molecules (the AIDS virus´ harpoon molecules which allow it to latch onto the cells it infects) by a vaccinated monkey´s own organism. While the GP120 molecules mutate during virus duplication, the GP41 molecules do not seem to. This triggers an immune response making it possible to obtain GP41 antibodies and memory T lymphocytes. This vacci
ASTHMA, DRAWING. ASTHMA, DRAWING Genetic predisposition to asthma. Illustration of a newborn´s immune response: 1) a newborn ...
ASTHMA, DRAWING. ASTHMA, DRAWING Genetic predisposition to asthma. Illustration of a newborn´s immune response: 1) a newborn without any genetic predisposition to asthma (left) and living in a normal environment. Its immune system reacts to viral and bacterial attacks by triggering an immune response to the virus or bacteria. 2) a newborn genetically predisposed to asthma (right), possessing a large number of Th 2 lymphocytes, and living in a sanitized environment, will develop an allerg
MALE CARYOTYPE. MALE CARYOTYPE Normal karyotype (46,XY - male). Human chromosomes are classified by groups according to the D...
MALE CARYOTYPE. MALE CARYOTYPE Normal karyotype (46,XY - male). Human chromosomes are classified by groups according to the Denver classification in which they are arranged by decreasing length and on the basis of their centromere position. The 22 pairs of autosomes (non-sex chromosomes) are arranged into seven groups: group A (chromosomes 1, 2 and 3), group B (chromosomes 4 and 5), group C (chromosomes 6 to 12), group D (chromosomes 13 to 15), group E (chromosomes 16 to 18), group F
GENETICS RESEARCH. GENETICS RESEARCH Photo essay. Institut Jacques Monod in Paris, France. Studying Drosophila for research o...
GENETICS RESEARCH. GENETICS RESEARCH Photo essay. Institut Jacques Monod in Paris, France. Studying Drosophila for research on aging.
RESEARCH. RESEARCH Photo essay. Genethon is a research laboratory whose scientific activities are oriented towards gene and c...
RESEARCH. RESEARCH Photo essay. Genethon is a research laboratory whose scientific activities are oriented towards gene and cell therapies, and their applications to rare diseases. Here, P3 laboratory.
GENETICS, DNA. GENETICS, DNA Transcription and duplication of bacterial DNA. On the left, illustration of DNA transcription a...
GENETICS, DNA. GENETICS, DNA Transcription and duplication of bacterial DNA. On the left, illustration of DNA transcription and the production of proteins. On the right, illustration of DNA duplication to obtain offspring bacteria (cell division).
RNA INTERFERENCE. Interfering RNA RNAi _ stage 2. In the cytoplasm of the cell_host, replication of the viral single_stranded...
RNA INTERFERENCE. Interfering RNA RNAi _ stage 2. In the cytoplasm of the cell_host, replication of the viral single_stranded RNA into double_stranded by RNA replicase RNA dependent RNA polymerase. The replication of the RNA occurs for the negative_stranded RNA viruses. Interfering RNA is a mean for the cell to destroy the RNA parasites viruses RNA, transposons. In the cytoplasm, proteins Dicer, visible here in background, then RISC, associated to a fragment of RNA RNA guide, link to the molecul
BIOTECHNOLOGY. BIOTECHNOLOGY Univeristy of Reims, in the French region of Champagne-Ardenne. Iris flowers.
RISK FACTOR DRAW. RISK FACTOR DRAW Illustration of cardiovascular risk factors. On the top : obese man, high blood pressure, ...
RISK FACTOR DRAW. RISK FACTOR DRAW Illustration of cardiovascular risk factors. On the top : obese man, high blood pressure, tobacco, too sweet diet or diabetes, heredity. High risk of cardiovascular disease myocardial infarction. In the middle : normal ECG on the left, pathological ECG on the right. At the bottom : sportive activity, red wine, balanced diet fruits and vegetables. Low cardiovascular risk.
GENETICS RESEARCH. GENETICS RESEARCH Photo essay. Institut Jacques Monod in Paris, France. Studying Drosophila for research o...
GENETICS RESEARCH. GENETICS RESEARCH Photo essay. Institut Jacques Monod in Paris, France. Studying Drosophila for research on aging.
GENETICS RESEARCH. GENETICS RESEARCH Gene therapy requires a gene-drug and a vector to carry it to the target cell. The study...
GENETICS RESEARCH. GENETICS RESEARCH Gene therapy requires a gene-drug and a vector to carry it to the target cell. The study of how these vectors transfer the gene-drug to the target site is termed vectorology. Here the efficacy of the gene transfer is being studied under fluorescence microscopy. Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) is used to localize the position of the gene on the chromosome. Here the chromosome is visualized before and after gene therapy. Before, the genes are seen
GENETIC FOOTPRINT. GENETIC FOOTPRINT DNA holds the genetic data for every living organism and can serve to create a genetic f...
GENETIC FOOTPRINT. GENETIC FOOTPRINT DNA holds the genetic data for every living organism and can serve to create a genetic fingerprint for each individual. DNA from any biological sample such as muscle, hair roots, blood, brain, mouth cells, liver, etc can be isolated and analyzed. The genetic fingerprint for an individual is the same regardless of the DNA sample’s source. Excepting identical twins, every genetic fingerprint is unique. It is thus useful in identifying criminals, in paternity
HANDICAPPED PERSON. HANDICAPPED PERSON Photo essay. Man suffering from juvenile pseudomyopathic spinal muscular atrophy (WOHL...
HANDICAPPED PERSON. HANDICAPPED PERSON Photo essay. Man suffering from juvenile pseudomyopathic spinal muscular atrophy (WOHLFART-KUGELBERG-WELANDER syndrome). This rare hereditary disease is due to the degeneration of anterior horn cells. A hereditary motor neuropathy (genetic neurological disease causing walking problems, etc.), it is classified into three types, depending on severity, age of onset and repercussions of the disease.
GENETICS, DNA. GENETICS, DNA There are four different types of nucleotide possible in a DNA sequence: adenine, cytosine, guan...
GENETICS, DNA. GENETICS, DNA There are four different types of nucleotide possible in a DNA sequence: adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine (symbolized with A, C, G and T). The order of these nucleic acids form the genetic code.
X CHROMOSOME. Human x chromosome. The chromosomes carry the genes, therefore they carry the heredity and are the essential el...
X CHROMOSOME. Human x chromosome. The chromosomes carry the genes, therefore they carry the heredity and are the essential elements of the cell nucleus.
GENE THERAPY. GENE THERAPY Genetic manipulation. Representation of the different stages of genetic manipulation of human embr...
GENE THERAPY. GENE THERAPY Genetic manipulation. Representation of the different stages of genetic manipulation of human embryos with the intention of doing embryonic gene therapy or create of mutants men. An ovum is sampled, fertilized in vitro then modified genetically by gene transfer , the embryo resulting is then re_implanted into the uterus of the mother.
HANDICAPPED PERSON. HANDICAPPED PERSON Photo essay. Man suffering from juvenile pseudomyopathic spinal muscular atrophy (WOHL...
HANDICAPPED PERSON. HANDICAPPED PERSON Photo essay. Man suffering from juvenile pseudomyopathic spinal muscular atrophy (WOHLFART-KUGELBERG-WELANDER syndrome). This rare hereditary disease is due to the degeneration of anterior horn cells. A hereditary motor neuropathy (genetic neurological disease causing walking problems, etc.), it is classified into three types, depending on severity, age of onset and repercussions of the disease.
GENETICS, DNA. GENETICS, DNA There are four different types of nucleotide possible in a DNA sequence: adenine, cytosine, guan...
GENETICS, DNA. GENETICS, DNA There are four different types of nucleotide possible in a DNA sequence: adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine (symbolized with A, C, G and T). The order of these nucleic acids form the genetic code.
GENETICS RESEARCH. GENETICS RESEARCH Photo essay. Center of Molecular Genetics of Gif-sur-Yvette, in the Ile-de-France region...
GENETICS RESEARCH. GENETICS RESEARCH Photo essay. Center of Molecular Genetics of Gif-sur-Yvette, in the Ile-de-France region of France. Using Podospora anserina (a filamentous Ascomycetes) to study aging.
BIOTECHNOLOGY, GMO. BIOTECHNOLOGY, GMO Illustration of the different techniques for creating GMOs from transformed DNA. On th...
BIOTECHNOLOGY, GMO. BIOTECHNOLOGY, GMO Illustration of the different techniques for creating GMOs from transformed DNA. On the left, the DNA is introduced into the nucleus of a cell which will grow into a genetically-modified animal. In the center, plant DNA is placed in a plasmid vector and then either transferred to a plant cell indirectly via bacteria or transferred directly to the plant cell through electroporation. On the right, the gene is anchored to metallic particles and transferred
DREPANOCYTEMIA, DRAWING. DREPANOCYTEMIA, DRAWING Genetic risks to declare sickle-cell anemia. Sick-cell anemia, is a chronic ...
DREPANOCYTEMIA, DRAWING. DREPANOCYTEMIA, DRAWING Genetic risks to declare sickle-cell anemia. Sick-cell anemia, is a chronic hemolytic anemia. This congenital disease due to the production of an abnormal protein of hemoglobin (hemoglobin S or Hb S), less soluble. This one agregates, and is responsible for the deformation of the red blood corpuscles that take a very recognizable shape in sickle (sickle cells). Thoses red blood corpuscles are rigidified and have lost their capacity to war
Illustration of electrophoresis. This technique separates DNA fragments by size, allowing a person's genetic portrait to be d...
Illustration of electrophoresis. This technique separates DNA fragments by size, allowing a person's genetic portrait to be drawn up. DNA of one person can be compared to another DNA, found at a crime scene for example.
GENETICS, DNA. GENETICS, DNA Photo essay. Institut Gustave-Roussy, in the French region of Ile-de-France. Clinical Biology De...
GENETICS, DNA. GENETICS, DNA Photo essay. Institut Gustave-Roussy, in the French region of Ile-de-France. Clinical Biology Department. Molecular genetics workstation. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique to target a specific piece of DNA and then to use that piece as a template to produce billions of copies. Called DNA amplification, it is used here in decoding the genome to study predisposition to skin cancer. Here, DNA.
RNA INTERFERENCE. Interfering RNA RNAi _ stage 3. In the cytoplasm of the cell_host, the double_stranded RNA is cut into frag...
RNA INTERFERENCE. Interfering RNA RNAi _ stage 3. In the cytoplasm of the cell_host, the double_stranded RNA is cut into fragments of 21_25 nucleotides by the Dicer protein type III ribonuclease. The RISC complex is visible in background. Interfering RNA is a mean for the cell to destroy the RNA parasites viruses RNA, transposons. The Dicer protein, a type III ribonuclease, fixes to the double_stranded RNA, and cleaves it into fragments of 21_25 nucleotides. Then, a proteic complex named RISC f
AIDS VIRUS. AIDS VIRUS AIDS - penetration and duplication of the virus in the host cell. Illustration of the AIDS virus penet...
AIDS VIRUS. AIDS VIRUS AIDS - penetration and duplication of the virus in the host cell. Illustration of the AIDS virus penetrating a CD4 white blood cell and duplicating. The close-ups on the left show how the virus harpoons the cell in order to penetrate it.
Illustration of the second stage of DNA replication. From the origin, the DNA polymerase (blue) synthesises a strand of DNA b...
Illustration of the second stage of DNA replication. From the origin, the DNA polymerase (blue) synthesises a strand of DNA by adding complementary nucleotides to the template strand.
GENETICS RESEARCH. GENETICS RESEARCH Photo essay. Fondation Jean Dausset - CEPH, located in Paris, France. Localizing the gen...
GENETICS RESEARCH. GENETICS RESEARCH Photo essay. Fondation Jean Dausset - CEPH, located in Paris, France. Localizing the genes associated with longevity.
RNA INTERFERENCE. Interfering RNA RNAi _ stage 6. The RISC complex RNA_induced silencing complex is linked to a fragment of s...
RNA INTERFERENCE. Interfering RNA RNAi _ stage 6. The RISC complex RNA_induced silencing complex is linked to a fragment of single_stranded RNA RNA guide, breaks away from the RNA target molecule that has just cleaved. It is then free to cleave another molecule of specific RNA. Interfering RNA is a mean for the cell to destroy the RNA parasites viruses RNA, transposons. The Dicer protein, a type III ribonuclease, fixes to the double_stranded RNA, and cleaves it into fragments of 21_25 nucleotide
GENETICS RESEARCH. GENETICS RESEARCH Photo essay. Institut Gustave-Roussy, in the French region of Ile-de-France. Clinical Bi...
GENETICS RESEARCH. GENETICS RESEARCH Photo essay. Institut Gustave-Roussy, in the French region of Ile-de-France. Clinical Biology Department. Molecular genetics workstation. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique to target a specific piece of DNA and then to use that piece as a template to produce billions of copies. Called DNA amplification, it is used here in decoding the genome to study predisposition to skin cancer. Here, DNA sequencing.
AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS. AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS Avian flu virus. Colorized transmission electron micrograph, influenza H5N1 (see...
AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS. AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS Avian flu virus. Colorized transmission electron micrograph, influenza H5N1 (seen in gold) grown in MDCK cells (seen in green).
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS, DRAWING. PROTEIN SYNTHESIS, DRAWING Transcription and translation. After the transcription of the DNA into...
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS, DRAWING. PROTEIN SYNTHESIS, DRAWING Transcription and translation. After the transcription of the DNA into messenger RNA mRNA in the nucleus, the mRNA depart from the cell nucleus toward the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, the mRNA is translated into proteins by the ribosomes.
GENETICS RESEARCH. GENETICS RESEARCH Photo essay. Institut Gustave-Roussy, in the French region of Ile-de-France. Clinical Bi...
GENETICS RESEARCH. GENETICS RESEARCH Photo essay. Institut Gustave-Roussy, in the French region of Ile-de-France. Clinical Biology Department. Molecular genetics workstation. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique to target a specific piece of DNA and then to use that piece as a template to produce billions of copies. Called DNA amplification, it is used here in decoding the genome to study predisposition to skin cancer. Here, sequencing of amplified DNA.
RNA INTERFERENCE. Interfering RNA RNAi _ stage 4. The RISC complex RNA_induced silencing complex fixes to the whole composed ...
RNA INTERFERENCE. Interfering RNA RNAi _ stage 4. The RISC complex RNA_induced silencing complex fixes to the whole composed of the Dicer protein and the fragment of double_stranded RNA. One of the arms of the RNA is released passenger RNA whereas the other remains linked to the RISC RNA guide. A free Dicer protein is visible on the side. Interfering RNA is a mean for the cell to destroy the RNA parasites viruses RNA, transposons. The Dicer protein, a type III ribonuclease, fixes to the double_s
RESEARCH. RESEARCH Researcher working on sequencing the coronavirus suspected of causing SARS.
GENETICS, CLONING. GENETICS, CLONING Illustration of a cloning experience aiming to obtain a single viable baby using a large...
GENETICS, CLONING. GENETICS, CLONING Illustration of a cloning experience aiming to obtain a single viable baby using a large number of oocytes from donor mothers. The losses at each stage (non-viable children cloned from the father) are considerable.
RNA INTERFERENCE. Interfering RNA RNAi _ stage 5. The RISC complex RNA_induced silencing complex is linked to a fragment of s...
RNA INTERFERENCE. Interfering RNA RNAi _ stage 5. The RISC complex RNA_induced silencing complex is linked to a fragment of single_stranded RNA RNA guide. The latter hybridize to a single_stranded RNA molecule carrying the complementary sequence RNAm or viral RNA. The endonuclease activity of RISC then cleaves the RNA target. Interfering RNA is a mean for the cell to destroy the RNA parasites viruses RNA, transposons. The Dicer protein, a type III ribonuclease, fixes to the double_stranded RNA,
GENETICS RESEARCH. GENETICS RESEARCH Photo essay. Fondation Jean Dausset - CEPH, located in Paris, France. Researching genes ...
GENETICS RESEARCH. GENETICS RESEARCH Photo essay. Fondation Jean Dausset - CEPH, located in Paris, France. Researching genes associated with longevity. Here, cryopreservation of DNA is pictured.
GENETIC ENGINEERING. GENETIC ENGINEERING Illustration of an agrobacterium used in genetic manipulations for transferring modi...
GENETIC ENGINEERING. GENETIC ENGINEERING Illustration of an agrobacterium used in genetic manipulations for transferring modified genes into cells for the creation of GMOs.
RNA INTERFERENCE. Interfering RNA RNAi _ stage 1. Penetration of a virus orange in a human cell_host blue to replicate. The i...
RNA INTERFERENCE. Interfering RNA RNAi _ stage 1. Penetration of a virus orange in a human cell_host blue to replicate. The interfering RNA is a mean for the cell to destroy the RNA parasites viruses RNA, transposons. A proteic complex, associated to a fragment of RNA, slinks to the molecule of the virus RNA or transposon. The latter is then cut by the endonuclease activity of RISC cleavage then destroyed. The cell then eliminates all foreign RNA. RNA interference is currently under study to tur
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS, DRAWING. Genes. Illustration of a cell, with its nucleus containing the chromosomes, chromatin, DNA double...
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS, DRAWING. Genes. Illustration of a cell, with its nucleus containing the chromosomes, chromatin, DNA double helix, genes, ribosomes, and amino acids which combine to form proteins.
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS, DRAWING. PROTEIN SYNTHESIS, DRAWING Illustration of peptide synthesis in a bacterium. Bacteria can synthes...
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS, DRAWING. PROTEIN SYNTHESIS, DRAWING Illustration of peptide synthesis in a bacterium. Bacteria can synthesize peptides in two ways: - left, traditional ribosomal synthesis, - right, nonribosomal amino acid synthesis using enzymes (nonribosomal peptide ligases) responsible for the synthesis of a single specific amino acide in the peptide chain.
MALE CARYOTYPE. MALE CARYOTYPE Normal karyotype (46,XY - male). Human chromosomes are classified by groups according to the D...
MALE CARYOTYPE. MALE CARYOTYPE Normal karyotype (46,XY - male). Human chromosomes are classified by groups according to the Denver classification in which they are arranged by decreasing length and on the basis of their centromere position. The 22 pairs of autosomes (non-sex chromosomes) are arranged into seven groups: group A (chromosomes 1, 2 and 3), group B (chromosomes 4 and 5), group C (chromosomes 6 to 12), group D (chromosomes 13 to 15), group E (chromosomes 16 to 18), group F
MALE CARYOTYPE. MALE CARYOTYPE Normal karyotype (46,XY - male). Human chromosomes are classified by groups according to the D...
MALE CARYOTYPE. MALE CARYOTYPE Normal karyotype (46,XY - male). Human chromosomes are classified by groups according to the Denver classification in which they are arranged by decreasing length and on the basis of their centromere position. The 22 pairs of autosomes (non-sex chromosomes) are arranged into seven groups: group A (chromosomes 1, 2 and 3), group B (chromosomes 4 and 5), group C (chromosomes 6 to 12), group D (chromosomes 13 to 15), group E (chromosomes 16 to 18), group F
X CHROMOSOME. Human x chromosome. The chromosomes carry the genes, therefore they carry the heredity and are the essential el...
X CHROMOSOME. Human x chromosome. The chromosomes carry the genes, therefore they carry the heredity and are the essential elements of the cell nucleus.
BIOLOGY LABORATORY. BIOLOGY LABORATORY Photo essay from laboratory. Laboratory of cellular microbiology at the University med...
BIOLOGY LABORATORY. BIOLOGY LABORATORY Photo essay from laboratory. Laboratory of cellular microbiology at the University medical centre of Geneva (Switzerland). Here, genetic manipulation of pathogenic bacteria.
PCR. Photo essay from laboratory. Hospital of Meaux 77, France. Laboratory of molecular biology. Research of mutations by rea...
PCR. Photo essay from laboratory. Hospital of Meaux 77, France. Laboratory of molecular biology. Research of mutations by real_time PCR capillary LightCycler from Roche _ Capillary tubes in the carrousel of the thermal cycler 1. LightCycler is a device for real_time quantitative PCR and detection of mutations. It is a thermal cycler combined with a spectrofluorimeter, monitored by a computer. The reactions are undertaken in capillary tubes. See images 0104208 for the thermal cycler 2, 0104308 fo
GENETICS, CLONING. GENETICS, CLONING Cloning therapy Illustration of the methods for growing spare compatible organs for tran...
GENETICS, CLONING. GENETICS, CLONING Cloning therapy Illustration of the methods for growing spare compatible organs for transplants and how, using the same methods, it is possible to perform reproductive cloning and obtain a cloned baby.
SEX CHROMOSOME. SEX CHROMOSOME A pair of human sex chromosomes. The 23rd pair of chromosomes determines the sex of an individ...
SEX CHROMOSOME. SEX CHROMOSOME A pair of human sex chromosomes. The 23rd pair of chromosomes determines the sex of an individual (here, XX - female). The chromosomes carry genes, which determine heredity, and are essential components of the cell´s nucleus.
GENETICS, CLONING. GENETICS, CLONING Illustration of horizontal reproductive cloning. An ovule is taken from a female donor m...
GENETICS, CLONING. GENETICS, CLONING Illustration of horizontal reproductive cloning. An ovule is taken from a female donor monkey. It is fertilized in vitro with spermatozoids from a male donor monkey. After three days, the egg has divided into eight identical cells from which the nuclei, containing the genetic code of the two donors, is removed and implanted into the cytoplasm of receiving ovules from other female monkeys. These new ovules are transferred to surrogate mother monkeys who wi
PCR. Photo essay from laboratory. Hospital of Meaux 77, France. Laboratory of molecular biology. Research of mutations by rea...
PCR. Photo essay from laboratory. Hospital of Meaux 77, France. Laboratory of molecular biology. Research of mutations by real_time PCR capillary LightCycler from Roche _ Capillary tubes in the thermal cycler 2. LightCycler is a device for real_time quantitative PCR and detection of mutations. It is a thermal cycler combined with a spectrofluorimeter, monitored by a computer. The reactions are undertaken in capillary tubes. See images 0104408 for the capillary tubes in the carrousel of the therm
HEREDITY, ARTWORK. HEREDITY, ARTWORK Heredity is a factor of risk for infarction. This image is part of a series concerning m...
HEREDITY, ARTWORK. HEREDITY, ARTWORK Heredity is a factor of risk for infarction. This image is part of a series concerning myocardial infarction. See images 2015107 for the infarction, 2014207 for the defibrillator, 2016107 for the bypass, 2015307 _ 2015407 _ 2015507 _ 2015607 _ 2015707 _ 2015807 _ 2015907 _ 2016007 for the factors of risk fat food, diabetes, heredity, high blood pressure, obesity, sedentarity, stress and tobacco.
MUSCLE, RESEARCH. MUSCLE, RESEARCH French Muscular Dystrophy Association´s Myology Center. Pitié Salpétrière Hospital in Pari...
MUSCLE, RESEARCH. MUSCLE, RESEARCH French Muscular Dystrophy Association´s Myology Center. Pitié Salpétrière Hospital in Paris, France. TEM 200000x.
RISK FACTOR DRAW. RISK FACTOR DRAW Illustration of cardiovascular risk factors. On the top : obese man, high blood pressure, ...
RISK FACTOR DRAW. RISK FACTOR DRAW Illustration of cardiovascular risk factors. On the top : obese man, high blood pressure, tobacco, too sweet diet or diabetes, heredity. High risk of cardiovascular disease myocardial infarction. In the middle : normal ECG on the left, pathological ECG on the right. At the bottom : sportive activity, red wine, balanced diet fruits and vegetables. Low cardiovascular risk.
BIOTECHNOLOGY. BIOTECHNOLOGY Univeristy of Reims, in the French region of Champagne-Ardenne. Grape vines.
Illustration of a cell with a close-up of a chromosome that is unwinding. The chromosome gradually unwinds to the chromatin w...
Illustration of a cell with a close-up of a chromosome that is unwinding. The chromosome gradually unwinds to the chromatin which is made up of nucleosomes (8 histones with DNA wrapped round them (green)), then the DNA unwinds to show the different bases.
Illustration of the third stage of DNA replication. The DNA polymerase (blue) meets a part of the double DNA strand and separ...
Illustration of the third stage of DNA replication. The DNA polymerase (blue) meets a part of the double DNA strand and separates the two strands while synthesising the DNA strand to reform the double helix.
BIOTECHNOLOGY, GMO. BIOTECHNOLOGY, GMO Worldwide distribution except for United Kingdom and Germany. GMO, Genetically modifie...
BIOTECHNOLOGY, GMO. BIOTECHNOLOGY, GMO Worldwide distribution except for United Kingdom and Germany. GMO, Genetically modified organism.
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