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Caricature of a surgeon holding instruments and wearing blood splattered apron and shoes. In the second half of the 19th cent...
Caricature of a surgeon holding instruments and wearing blood splattered apron and shoes. In the second half of the 19th century anesthesia allowed more invasive and frightening surgeries. 1906 by Fritz Schonpflug.





Mrs. Margaret Klein and Mrs. Marvin Blumenfeld, wearing gas masks, as they pass out a health bulletin, A WOMANS VIEW OF AIR P...
Mrs. Margaret Klein and Mrs. Marvin Blumenfeld, wearing gas masks, as they pass out a health bulletin, A WOMANS VIEW OF AIR POLLUTION at the Kiel Auditorium in St. Louis. 1966





New York City Sanitation Department workers destroying marijuana in a lot on Cozine Avenue in Brooklyn New York. July 1958.





Belva Lockwood (1830-1917), was a lawyer, politician and life long feminist. In 1879, she became the first women to be allowe...
Belva Lockwood (1830-1917), was a lawyer, politician and life long feminist. In 1879, she became the first women to be allowed to practice before the U.S. Supreme Court and ran for president in 1884 and 1888 on the ticket of the National Equal Rights Party.





1805 Lewis and Clark map of part of the continent of North America compiled from informed travelers. Map covers western North...
1805 Lewis and Clark map of part of the continent of North America compiled from informed travelers. Map covers western North America, from Great Lakes to the Pacific Ocean, including southern Canada and northern Mexico. Copied by Nicholas King from a sketch by William Clark, 1805





Fingerprint record sheet from the Navy Department in 1912. Fingerprints were introduced into police investigations in the ear...
Fingerprint record sheet from the Navy Department in 1912. Fingerprints were introduced into police investigations in the early 20th century.





Charles Babbage 1792-1871 English mathematician and engineer who build the most advanced mechanical calculation device of his...
Charles Babbage 1792-1871 English mathematician and engineer who build the most advanced mechanical calculation device of his time. His mechanical computer anticipated the development of 20th century information technology. 1871.





Secretary of the Treasury Andrew Mellon, (1855-1937) secretary of the Treasury (1921?32) who reformed the tax structure of th...
Secretary of the Treasury Andrew Mellon, (1855-1937) secretary of the Treasury (1921?32) who reformed the tax structure of the U.S. government in the 1920s. 1926 Portrait.





Burning of the Lebanon Valley Bridge, on the Schuylkill River near Reading, Pennsylvania, by rioting strikers on 22 July, dur...
Burning of the Lebanon Valley Bridge, on the Schuylkill River near Reading, Pennsylvania, by rioting strikers on 22 July, during the Great Railroad Strike of 1877.





Antenna tower from which the first radar signal aimed at the moon was received back, two and a half seconds after it was sent...
Antenna tower from which the first radar signal aimed at the moon was received back, two and a half seconds after it was sent. The project was lead Radar engineer John H. DeWitt, Director of the Evans Signal Laboratory of the U.S. Army at Belmar, N.J. in 1946.





Hanna furnaces of the Great Lakes Steel Corporation, Detroit, Michigan. The tank stores gas from the coke oven. Square buildi...
Hanna furnaces of the Great Lakes Steel Corporation, Detroit, Michigan. The tank stores gas from the coke oven. Square building and extension in middle ground is where coal is fed to the coke oven.





Otto Lilienthal 1848-1896 flying the two surface glider in which he made sustained scientifically documented flights in the e...
Otto Lilienthal 1848-1896 flying the two surface glider in which he made sustained scientifically documented flights in the early 1890s. He died in a failed flight in 1896. LC-DIG-ppmsca-02545





Standing obstetrical examination as illustrated in the 1822 medical classic Nouvelles Demonstrations D'ACCOUCHEMENS (DEMONSTR...
Standing obstetrical examination as illustrated in the 1822 medical classic Nouvelles Demonstrations D'ACCOUCHEMENS (DEMONSTRATION OF NEW OBSTETRICS) by Jacques Pierre Maygrier (1771-1835) . The physician depicted is thought to be a portrait of Maygrier himself.





Louis Amburg (1887-1935) was a New York labor racketeer during the 1920s and 1930s. He worked with his brother Joseph, and bo...
Louis Amburg (1887-1935) was a New York labor racketeer during the 1920s and 1930s. He worked with his brother Joseph, and both brothers were killed by Murder, Inc. Joseph was killed on on September 30, 1935 and Louis on October 23, 1935.





Oil rig workers, called roughnecks, at work, loosening sections of pipe on an drilling platform, Kilgore, Texas. 1939 Photo b...
Oil rig workers, called roughnecks, at work, loosening sections of pipe on an drilling platform, Kilgore, Texas. 1939 Photo by Russell Lee.





Senator Hattie W. Caraway, Democrat of Arkansas, presides over Senate on May 10, 1932. In 1932 she won a special election to ...
Senator Hattie W. Caraway, Democrat of Arkansas, presides over Senate on May 10, 1932. In 1932 she won a special election to serve out the term of her deceased husband. Later, she won in the regular election in 1932, she became the first woman to be elected to the Senate in her own right.





Mexican man on a donkey cart emigrating to the United States via Nuevo Laredo, directly across the Rio Grande River from Lare...
Mexican man on a donkey cart emigrating to the United States via Nuevo Laredo, directly across the Rio Grande River from Laredo, Texas. Ca. 1912.





AFTER THE EARTH QUAKE, SAN FRANCISCO. Observers in chairs amid the debris on Sacramento Streetwatch the city burn. The fires,...
AFTER THE EARTH QUAKE, SAN FRANCISCO. Observers in chairs amid the debris on Sacramento Streetwatch the city burn. The fires, many caused by ruptured gas lines, lasted for 3 days and were more destructive than the earthquake and its aftershocks. Photo by Arnold Genthe.





New Amsterdam in 1639. Earliest map shows Manhattan, Staten Island, Fort Amsterdam, Brooklyn, Bronx, plantations, windmills, ...
New Amsterdam in 1639. Earliest map shows Manhattan, Staten Island, Fort Amsterdam, Brooklyn, Bronx, plantations, windmills, Indian Villages.





1855 map of the British and French dominions in North America, showing the extent of the distinct colonial settlements at the...
1855 map of the British and French dominions in North America, showing the extent of the distinct colonial settlements at the beginning of the French and Indian War (1756-63).





The crew of a freight train abandon their locomotive at the strikers' command during the railway strike on the Wabash and Sou...
The crew of a freight train abandon their locomotive at the strikers' command during the railway strike on the Wabash and Southwestern system. Texas, March 1885.





Mexican-American young women working as carrot pullers in Edinburg, Texas. February 1939 photograph by Russell Lee.





Vietnamese men in a sampan on a canal near straw dwellings that house refugees from North Vietnam. 1956. LC-DIG-ppmsca-09168





James Knox Polk, (1795-1849), 11th President of the United States. Daguerreotype portrait by Mathew Brady.





Sir William Blackstone (1723-1780), English jurist and author of COMMENTARIES ON THE LAWS OF ENGLAND (1765-1769), a classic h...
Sir William Blackstone (1723-1780), English jurist and author of COMMENTARIES ON THE LAWS OF ENGLAND (1765-1769), a classic historical study of the English common law.





Orville Wright 1871-1948 in flight over treetops covering a distance of approximately 1 760 feet in 40 1/5 seconds at Huffman...
Orville Wright 1871-1948 in flight over treetops covering a distance of approximately 1 760 feet in 40 1/5 seconds at Huffman Prairie Dayton Ohio. November 16 1904. LC-DIG-ppprs-00616





Mrs. Ruth Hanna McCormick (1880-1944), was active in women suffrage movement and in 1928 she was elected to the U.S. House of...
Mrs. Ruth Hanna McCormick (1880-1944), was active in women suffrage movement and in 1928 she was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. 1927 photo.





Labor Union activist, Mother Jones (1837-1930), was a founder of the United Mine Workers and the Industrial Workers of the Wo...
Labor Union activist, Mother Jones (1837-1930), was a founder of the United Mine Workers and the Industrial Workers of the World. Ca. 1920.





Students and their teacher watch educational television in a school library in Schenectady, New York, 1954.





George Papanicolaou (1883-1962), Greek-born American physician developed a simple cytological test for cervical cancer in 192...
George Papanicolaou (1883-1962), Greek-born American physician developed a simple cytological test for cervical cancer in 1928. It was named after him, and is best known for its abbreviated version, 'pap test.'





Beijing end of the China's ancient Grand Canal the world's oldest and longest. Its construction began in the 5th century B.C....
Beijing end of the China's ancient Grand Canal the world's oldest and longest. Its construction began in the 5th century B.C. and it runs 1200 miles from Beijing to southern China. Photo 1900. LC-USZ62-137083





Wilbur Wright and Orville Wright on the porch steps of their house in Dayton Ohio. 1909. LC-USZ62-65478





Mexican-American farm laborer bent over picking melons in the Imperial Valley, California. May 1937 photograph by Dorothea La...
Mexican-American farm laborer bent over picking melons in the Imperial Valley, California. May 1937 photograph by Dorothea Lange.





Engraving of a hot summer night in the German neighborhood of New York. Many U.S. cities have 'Germantowns,' which evolved fr...
Engraving of a hot summer night in the German neighborhood of New York. Many U.S. cities have 'Germantowns,' which evolved from the immigrant's communities, such as Yorkville, on the upper East side of Manhattan. 1878 engraving from Harper's Monthly.





Triangle Shirtwaist fire victims in coffins on the sidewalk. 146 women seamstresses died, mostly immigrants, many jumping fro...
Triangle Shirtwaist fire victims in coffins on the sidewalk. 146 women seamstresses died, mostly immigrants, many jumping from the upper two floors of an eight story building. March 15, 1911.





The Great Mine of Copper of Fahlun in Dalecarlia, Stockholm, was worked for over a thousand years. 1802 mezzotint published b...
The Great Mine of Copper of Fahlun in Dalecarlia, Stockholm, was worked for over a thousand years. 1802 mezzotint published by Colnayhi & Co. from drawing by P. Vanderberghe.





Dr. John H. Holliday (1851-1887) was an American dentist, gambler and gunfighter fought with Wyatt Earp in the Gunfight at th...
Dr. John H. Holliday (1851-1887) was an American dentist, gambler and gunfighter fought with Wyatt Earp in the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral. Portrait photograph, made by C.S. Fly in Tombstone, 1881.





Commemorative portrait of President Theodore Roosevelt, published after his death in 1919. Title reads, Theodore Roosevelt, S...
Commemorative portrait of President Theodore Roosevelt, published after his death in 1919. Title reads, Theodore Roosevelt, Secretary of Navy, Rough Rider, governor and president, 1858-1919





Calculating machine designed by French mathematician Blaise Pascal in 1642 when he was nineteen years old. It could perform a...
Calculating machine designed by French mathematician Blaise Pascal in 1642 when he was nineteen years old. It could perform addition and subtraction.





Elizabeth Bentley 1908-1963 American Communist Party member and spy for Soviets became an informer in 1945 when she named 80 ...
Elizabeth Bentley 1908-1963 American Communist Party member and spy for Soviets became an informer in 1945 when she named 80 other Americans she associated with in her Red years.





Print depicting 19 early steamships built between 1807 and 1815 including Robert Fulton's CLERMONT and NAUTILUS. lifeofrobert...
Print depicting 19 early steamships built between 1807 and 1815 including Robert Fulton's CLERMONT and NAUTILUS. lifeofrobertfult00reigrich_0024





Swine flu virus. Negative stained transmission electron micrograph. Photo by C. S. Goldsmith and A. Balish, 2009.





Judah P. Benjamin (1811-1884), was the first professing Jew elected to the U.S. Senate. He represented Louisiana and held thr...
Judah P. Benjamin (1811-1884), was the first professing Jew elected to the U.S. Senate. He represented Louisiana and held three cabinet positions in the Confederate government during the U.S. Civil War. He continued his successful legal career in England after 1865.





Molten iron is blown in an Eastern Bessemer converter at the Republic Steel mill in Youngstown, Ohio. November 1941.





A laughing crowd accompany a man dressed in a 'Martian' costume crossing a street in Mid-town Manhattan on November 6, 1950.





James Brendan Connolly, (1868-1957), athlete and writer, was the first athlete to win a medal at the 1896 Olympics for the tr...
James Brendan Connolly, (1868-1957), athlete and writer, was the first athlete to win a medal at the 1896 Olympics for the triple jump. He became a popular and prolific writer of sea-related shorts stories and novels. Photo by Purdy, 1906.





Edward 'Fats' McCarthy, a gangster associate of Dutch Schultz, was probably one of the assassins of Mad Dog Coll. He was kill...
Edward 'Fats' McCarthy, a gangster associate of Dutch Schultz, was probably one of the assassins of Mad Dog Coll. He was killed in Albany last in July 1932 by police who were praised and promised promotions for their good work.





Boxcar ferry of the Michigan Central Railroad entering an iced up slip on the Detroit River. Ca. 1890





The funeral procession of executed leftists Bartolomeo Vanzetti and Nicola Sacco was attended by thousands in Boston. August ...
The funeral procession of executed leftists Bartolomeo Vanzetti and Nicola Sacco was attended by thousands in Boston. August 29 1927.





Copper smelting plant and area below that has been strip mined, Katanga province, Congo in August 1960 during the provinces s...
Copper smelting plant and area below that has been strip mined, Katanga province, Congo in August 1960 during the provinces session and other political troubles that accompanied the independence of the former Belgian Congo in 1960.





George 'Bugs' Moran 1891-1957 Chicago Gangster and Polish-Irish the boss of the North Side Gang a rival of Al Capone's mob. C...
George 'Bugs' Moran 1891-1957 Chicago Gangster and Polish-Irish the boss of the North Side Gang a rival of Al Capone's mob. Capone killed 6 members of Moran's gang at the 1929 St. Valentine's Day Massacre.





Emigrants on the open deck of an immigrant steamship to Canada, site land after at least two weeks at sea. The ship, GANGES, ...
Emigrants on the open deck of an immigrant steamship to Canada, site land after at least two weeks at sea. The ship, GANGES, carried 761 people who paid 3 British pounds for their passage. People on deck engage in play, music, talk, smoking and looking through telescopes. April-May, 1871.





Diphtheria antitoxin was made by inoculating horses with diphtheria bacteria, then bleeding the animals to obtain their blood...
Diphtheria antitoxin was made by inoculating horses with diphtheria bacteria, then bleeding the animals to obtain their blood serum. The serum neutralized the diphtheria toxin causing the patient’s symptoms.





Ellis Island provided new immigrants with services to prevent their exploitation by dishonest moneychangers. The Money Exchan...
Ellis Island provided new immigrants with services to prevent their exploitation by dishonest moneychangers. The Money Exchange converted their currencies without charge. Ca. 1910 .





Four-level clover leaf Expressway intersection under construction near downtown Los Angeles in 1949





James P. Hoffa (B. 1941), with his father James R. Hoffa (1913-1975), at testimonial dinner in 1966. The younger Hoffa was el...
James P. Hoffa (B. 1941), with his father James R. Hoffa (1913-1975), at testimonial dinner in 1966. The younger Hoffa was elected President of the Teamsters Union for three successive terms in 1998, 2002, and 2006.





Betty Friedan (1921-2006), feminist author of THE FEMININE MYSTIQUE, a bestselling 1963 book, critically examined the home an...
Betty Friedan (1921-2006), feminist author of THE FEMININE MYSTIQUE, a bestselling 1963 book, critically examined the home and family centered lifestyle of her middle class Smith College classmates.





Three U.S. Navy Dauntless dive bombers on a fighting mission in the Pacific, on a fighting mission in the Pacific. 1943.





1570 map of Africa by Abraham Ortelius. Map shows place names,settlements,rivers, lakes mountains, coasts, and islands. South...
1570 map of Africa by Abraham Ortelius. Map shows place names,settlements,rivers, lakes mountains, coasts, and islands. South Atlantic Ocean and Eastern South America are shown.





Salem Witch Trials. Elderly Rebecca Nurse in heavy chains after her conviction for witchcraft in June 1692. In spite of the p...
Salem Witch Trials. Elderly Rebecca Nurse in heavy chains after her conviction for witchcraft in June 1692. In spite of the petitions of many, an initial but then reversed 'not guilty verdict', she was hung on July 19, 1692.





Glenn Martin (1886-1955), delivering newspapers in his airplane. He built his first airplane in 1909, and his first airplane ...
Glenn Martin (1886-1955), delivering newspapers in his airplane. He built his first airplane in 1909, and his first airplane factory in 1912 in Los Angeles, California. He successfully promoted his airplanes by stunt flying, and other attention getting gimmicks. Ca. 1911.





Wreck of Los Angeles Times building after militant labor unionists bombing that killed 21 people on October 1, 1910. The pape...
Wreck of Los Angeles Times building after militant labor unionists bombing that killed 21 people on October 1, 1910. The paper's owner, Harrison Gray Otis, was vehemently anti-union.





Arthur Ashe, (1943-1993), playing tennis at Forest Hills, N.Y. in 1964. He was the first African American to reach the highes...
Arthur Ashe, (1943-1993), playing tennis at Forest Hills, N.Y. in 1964. He was the first African American to reach the highest levels of professional tennis.





Hattie Caraway (1878-1950) in a 1914 studio portrait when she was the wife of Arkansas Representative Thaddeus Caraway. She w...
Hattie Caraway (1878-1950) in a 1914 studio portrait when she was the wife of Arkansas Representative Thaddeus Caraway. She was educated, a former school teacher, and the mother of three boys. When Thaddeus died in 1931, she filled his Senate seat for two terms.





George David Birkhoff (1884-1944), one of the most important American mathematicians of his time, formulated the ergodic theo...
George David Birkhoff (1884-1944), one of the most important American mathematicians of his time, formulated the ergodic theorem, related to statistics. 1927.





THE LAST PARLIAMENT OF IRELAND, enacted the 'Act of Union of 1800,' after nationalist resistance was defeated by British brib...
THE LAST PARLIAMENT OF IRELAND, enacted the 'Act of Union of 1800,' after nationalist resistance was defeated by British bribes to members. The act was the British response to the Irish Rebellion of 1795 and remained in effect until 1922, when the Irish Free State was established.





The Tariff Committee meeting at the White House. In 1922 Congress passed the protective Fordney-McCumber tariff which raised ...
The Tariff Committee meeting at the White House. In 1922 Congress passed the protective Fordney-McCumber tariff which raised import tax to 40 percent prompting European retaliation.





Russian men and women railroad track workers on the job in Petrograd, 1922. The Bolsheviks promoted the ideal of women's equa...
Russian men and women railroad track workers on the job in Petrograd, 1922. The Bolsheviks promoted the ideal of women's equality, a novel idea at the time, and one that was imperfectly implemented.





A cluster of factories built on and into the walls of the Niagara River Gorge. Water diverted from above the great Niagara Fa...
A cluster of factories built on and into the walls of the Niagara River Gorge. Water diverted from above the great Niagara Falls flows from the factories power generation plants. Ca. 1895.





William Martin champion six-day high-wheel bicycle rider of the world on his bicycle. Ca. 1891. LC-USZ62-105442





Law enforcement photo of a shoe with metal box in cut out section of heel used to smuggle drugs into a detention facility. Fo...
Law enforcement photo of a shoe with metal box in cut out section of heel used to smuggle drugs into a detention facility. For dramatic effect the shoe is surrounded by drug paraphernalia. 1955.





Utah Copper Company open-pit mine workings at Carr Fork, at Bingham Canyon, Utah. 1942 photo by Andreas Feininger.





The Russian Duma, the elected during the March 1917, the month it was dissolved during the Russia Revolution.





Seven Ashkenazi Jewish men, a woodburytype illustration in UNDERGROUND JERUSALEM of 1876, a book about Sir Charles Warren's e...
Seven Ashkenazi Jewish men, a woodburytype illustration in UNDERGROUND JERUSALEM of 1876, a book about Sir Charles Warren's excavations and discoveries in Jerusalem under the sponsorship of the British Palestine Exploration Fund. 1876.





A ferry crossing a smooth body of water with ships in the background. 1900 photo by Frances Benjamin Johnston





Public health poster relating to the Spanish Flu epidemic in Chicago during the fall of 1918.





Wilma Rudolph, (1940-1994), was the first American woman to win three gold medals in track and field during a single Olympic ...
Wilma Rudolph, (1940-1994), was the first American woman to win three gold medals in track and field during a single Olympic Games. At the Rome Olympics in 1960.





Senator Albert B. Fall (1861-1944), prior to his appointment as Secretary of the Interior for the Warren Harding. As Secretar...
Senator Albert B. Fall (1861-1944), prior to his appointment as Secretary of the Interior for the Warren Harding. As Secretary, he accepted bribes for oil leases to the naval oil reserve lands in the Teapot Dome reserve in Wyoming, was convicted of bribery, and served a prison sentence. 1919





Gaston and Albert Tissandier ascending in their hot-air balloon ZENITH on September 26 1876. LC-DIG-ppmsca-02309





Champion Japanese Sumo wrestlers, Kiyoji Kagamisato (left) and Junnosuke Yoshibayama, in a 1952 Tokyo match.





Lizzie and her sister Emma (with hand covering her face) in the courtroom during Lizzie's on trial for the ax murders of her ...
Lizzie and her sister Emma (with hand covering her face) in the courtroom during Lizzie's on trial for the ax murders of her step-mother and father in 1893. Borden was played by Elizabeth Montgomery in THE LEGEND OF LIZZIE BORDEN, 1975.





Hydraulic gold mining near Dutch Flat, California. Hydraulickers used jets of water to wash gold from mountains. 1868 photo b...
Hydraulic gold mining near Dutch Flat, California. Hydraulickers used jets of water to wash gold from mountains. 1868 photo by Andrew J. Russell





Tony Zale (1914-1997), two-time world middleweight champion. Zale was called the 'Man of Steel' for his endurance in the ring...
Tony Zale (1914-1997), two-time world middleweight champion. Zale was called the 'Man of Steel' for his endurance in the ring and ability to wear his opponents out with body punches. 1941.





A series of human heads from difference races and ethnicities progressively develop from an idealized Caucasian profile to st...
A series of human heads from difference races and ethnicities progressively develop from an idealized Caucasian profile to stereotypes of non-Europeans. From Ernest Haeckel's 1868 popular illustrated book titled NATURLICHE SCHOPFUNGSGESCHICHTE (English title, HISTORY OF CREATION).





Canal boat passing through an Aqueduct over the Potomac River at Williamsport Maryland in 1903. Four mules are pulling the bo...
Canal boat passing through an Aqueduct over the Potomac River at Williamsport Maryland in 1903. Four mules are pulling the boat are attended by their driver





Malcolm Campbell 1885-1948 set the world land and water speed records in 1920s and 1930s. 1931 portrait. LC-USZ62-104073





Sign contractor Stanley Sawicki and his helper Stanley Palka getting signs ready for a possible walkout of 89,000 Chrysler wo...
Sign contractor Stanley Sawicki and his helper Stanley Palka getting signs ready for a possible walkout of 89,000 Chrysler workers, in Detroit, January 1950.





A street in the slum area of the hill town of Lares, in western Puerto Rico. January 1942 photograph by Jack Delano.





Hospital ship, 'S.S. Hope' , 15,000-ton ship sailed from 1960-1974 with operating rooms, a pharmacy, isolation ward, radiolog...
Hospital ship, 'S.S. Hope' , 15,000-ton ship sailed from 1960-1974 with operating rooms, a pharmacy, isolation ward, radiology department, and training facilities. Project HOPE (Health Opportunities for People Everywhere) continues health outreach in the 21st century.





1949 model Ford cars introduced to the press and public in grand ballroom of the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, New York City. The po...
1949 model Ford cars introduced to the press and public in grand ballroom of the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, New York City. The post-war economic expansion prompted more aggressive marketing and advertising of new products.





Women's liberation march from Farrugut Square to Layfette Park, Washington, D.C. on August 26, 1970. The Feminist movement re...
Women's liberation march from Farrugut Square to Layfette Park, Washington, D.C. on August 26, 1970. The Feminist movement re-emerged from the anti-war radicalism of the 1960s.





President and Mrs. John F. Kennedy walking on the south lawn of the White House on April 16, 1962.





William Orville Douglas, 40 year old successor to retired Justice Louis D. Brandeis, before be was sworn in on April 17, 1939...
William Orville Douglas, 40 year old successor to retired Justice Louis D. Brandeis, before be was sworn in on April 17, 1939. He was appointed by Franklin Roosevelt and served until 1975.





Futuristic view of air travel over Paris as people leave the Opera. The imagined aircraft include buses and limousines with p...
Futuristic view of air travel over Paris as people leave the Opera. The imagined aircraft include buses and limousines with police patrolling the skies and women pilots. 1882 print by Albert Robida 1848-1926 . LC-DIG-ppmsca-13553





Republican Congressman Nicholas Longworth (1869-1931) 'cutting taxes' for the press photographers. He served as House Majorit...
Republican Congressman Nicholas Longworth (1869-1931) 'cutting taxes' for the press photographers. He served as House Majority Leader from 1923 to 1925, and as Speaker of the United States House from 1925 to 1931.





President Woodrow Wilson (1856-1924) in an open car parading on the streets of New York, in 1919.





Roy M. Cohn 1927-1986 formerly an assistant to Senator McCarthy during his anti-Communist crusades created controversy by his...
Roy M. Cohn 1927-1986 formerly an assistant to Senator McCarthy during his anti-Communist crusades created controversy by his politics ethics and famous clients throughout his career. Cohn was a played by actor James Woods in the 1992 biopic CITIZE





Workers depositing ballot during a National Labor Relations Board election for union representation at the River Rouge Ford p...
Workers depositing ballot during a National Labor Relations Board election for union representation at the River Rouge Ford plant in Dearborn, Michigan. June 1941.





2003 map published for the bicentennial commemoration of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Legend includes preparation, recruit...
2003 map published for the bicentennial commemoration of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Legend includes preparation, recruitment, exploration and homecoming, Indian reservations, Louisiana Purchase boundary, and Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail.





Tsar Alexander III Alexandrovich, (1845-1894), Emperor of Russia from 13 March 1881 until his death in 1894. Carte de visite ...
Tsar Alexander III Alexandrovich, (1845-1894), Emperor of Russia from 13 March 1881 until his death in 1894. Carte de visite by Levitskii, St. Petersburg, ca. 1870-1886.





A Japanese brothel in Shinagawa, shows five courtesans attending to the needs of a male client; one woman is playing a shamis...
A Japanese brothel in Shinagawa, shows five courtesans attending to the needs of a male client; one woman is playing a shamisen, another is preparing a pipe for smoking.





Nikola Tesla 1856-1943 conducted spectacular demonstrations of electricity. This image published in ELECTRICAL REVIEW in 1899...
Nikola Tesla 1856-1943 conducted spectacular demonstrations of electricity. This image published in ELECTRICAL REVIEW in 1899 was accompanied by with this caption The operator's body in this experiment is charged to a high potential by means of a coil responsive to the waves transmitted to it from a distant oscillator.





Forced emigration to the colony of Georgia in North America of debt ridden English lords, esquires, and attorneys, who were s...
Forced emigration to the colony of Georgia in North America of debt ridden English lords, esquires, and attorneys, who were sentenced to transportation to Georgia. The deportation of debtors reduced the English prison population during the early reign of George III.





Italian American mother with five young children in her Providence, Rhode Island home. Photograph by Lewis Hine, November 191...
Italian American mother with five young children in her Providence, Rhode Island home. Photograph by Lewis Hine, November 1912.





Senator Hattie W. Caraway, Democrat of Arkansas, choosing the official portrait for her 1937 re-election campaign. In 1932 sh...
Senator Hattie W. Caraway, Democrat of Arkansas, choosing the official portrait for her 1937 re-election campaign. In 1932 she won a special election to serve out the term of her deceased husband. By winning the regular election in 1932, she became the first woman to be elected to the Senate in her own right.





World War I recruiting poster for electricians, mechanics and telegraph operators. U.S. Army Signal Corps poster shows three ...
World War I recruiting poster for electricians, mechanics and telegraph operators. U.S. Army Signal Corps poster shows three soldiers using various methods of communication. 1917.





Candid photo of Felix Frankfurter as members of the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee consider his fitness for the U.S. Supreme C...
Candid photo of Felix Frankfurter as members of the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee consider his fitness for the U.S. Supreme Court, on January 12, 1939. Felix Frankfurter (1882-1965), was an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court from 1939-1962.





Three Russian convicts building a camp near the Eastern Siberian Railroad. Throughout the 19th century, Russia populated its ...
Three Russian convicts building a camp near the Eastern Siberian Railroad. Throughout the 19th century, Russia populated its easternmost territories with political and criminal prisoners. Ca. 1895 photo by William Henry Jackson.





Tents used as temporary housing for Jewish immigrants in Israel. From 1948 to 1951, over 700,000 immigrants entered Israel, m...
Tents used as temporary housing for Jewish immigrants in Israel. From 1948 to 1951, over 700,000 immigrants entered Israel, most were Holocaust survivors or Jews fleeing Arab lands. Ca. 1950.





John Marshall (1755-1835), fourth Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court from 1801 through 1835 was appointed by Jo...
John Marshall (1755-1835), fourth Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court from 1801 through 1835 was appointed by John Adams. 1808 portrait by Saint-Mémin.





A wanted poster for Bonnie and Clyde used personal photos lawmen found in one of their deserted hideouts. 1933.





Donora, Pennsylvania, during the infamous smog episode of October 26-31, 1948. The deadly inversion of polluted air received ...
Donora, Pennsylvania, during the infamous smog episode of October 26-31, 1948. The deadly inversion of polluted air received national attention and marked the being of serious environmental concern.





Dr. V.K. Zworykin and Dr. James Hillier of RCA Laboratories at the electron microscope. Invented in the 1930, it exceeded mag...
Dr. V.K. Zworykin and Dr. James Hillier of RCA Laboratories at the electron microscope. Invented in the 1930, it exceeded magnification of optical microscopes. Ca. 1945.





Gambling boss Meyer Lansky (1902-1983), led by a detective for booking on vagrancy charge at 54th Street police station, New ...
Gambling boss Meyer Lansky (1902-1983), led by a detective for booking on vagrancy charge at 54th Street police station, New York City, February 13, 1958.





1803 Lewis and Clark map, with annotations in brown ink by Meriwether Lewis, tracing the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers, Lak...
1803 Lewis and Clark map, with annotations in brown ink by Meriwether Lewis, tracing the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers, Lakes Michigan, Superior, and Winnipeg, and the country onwards to the Pacific. Manuscript map by Nicholas King, ca. 1803





J. Edgar Hoover (1895-1972), as director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation in 1940. Under his leadership the FBI was est...
J. Edgar Hoover (1895-1972), as director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation in 1940. Under his leadership the FBI was established and over the next 32 years, he would hold the post, becoming so powerful that Presidents Kennedy and Johnson dared not fire him.





Three men in suits push a horse-drawn carriage stuck in the mud on a Puerto Rican road in 1912





Map of North America showing the colonies of France, Spain, and Britain. At this time, Britain has the smallest territory, li...
Map of North America showing the colonies of France, Spain, and Britain. At this time, Britain has the smallest territory, limited to coastal New England south to Virginia which includes present day Georgia and Carolina. 1684





Emily Warren Roebling 1843-1903 succeeded her father-in-law John Roebling and her husband Washington Roebling as the field en...
Emily Warren Roebling 1843-1903 succeeded her father-in-law John Roebling and her husband Washington Roebling as the field engineer aiding her disabled husband to completion of the Brooklyn Bridge





Artist's conception of the solar powered GLAST (Gamma Ray Large Area Satellite) satellite orbiting earth in 2008.





Experimental solar energy system in 2008, is part of a U.S. government technology research at Sandia National Laboratory.





1700 French map of Asian continent and Islands of the East Indies. Central and Western Asia are occupied by Tatars.





An early predecessor of emission control devices for cars is introduced by Harold Lipchik of American Machine and Foundry Com...
An early predecessor of emission control devices for cars is introduced by Harold Lipchik of American Machine and Foundry Company in 1964.





Frank Hague and his wife aboard an ocean liner in 1925. Frank Hague(1876-1976) was the mayor of Jersey City, New Jersey from ...
Frank Hague and his wife aboard an ocean liner in 1925. Frank Hague(1876-1976) was the mayor of Jersey City, New Jersey from 1917 to 1947. He epitomized the political boss of the period, but was instrumental in Franklin Roosevelt's 1932 nomination of Democratic Presidential candidate.





Two New York City students covering their faces with books at police headquarters after they were picked up on narcotics. 196...
Two New York City students covering their faces with books at police headquarters after they were picked up on narcotics. 1968.





Conservative politician, Phyllis Schlafly (right), with Mrs. Gladys O'Donnell, the moderate candidate for the presidency of t...
Conservative politician, Phyllis Schlafly (right), with Mrs. Gladys O'Donnell, the moderate candidate for the presidency of the National Federation of Republican Women in 1967. Schlafly lost the race, and in 1952 and 1970 she failed to win a election to the House of Representatives. She emerged on the national stage in 1970's, leading a successful campaign against the Equal Rights Amendment.





THE MODERN ARK. Political cartoon satirizing unrestricted immigration into United States in 1871. Men from many races and nat...
THE MODERN ARK. Political cartoon satirizing unrestricted immigration into United States in 1871. Men from many races and nationalities, riding various animals, are welcomed into an ark provisioned with Liberty Corn, Freedom Grain and Equality Beans. Wood engraving by Sol Eytinge from a sketch by E.S. Bisbee.





United Air Lines uniformed pilots form a picket line as they march past the airline's Chicago Midway terminal. 1951.





Spanish-American women engaged in the yearly re-plastering an adobe house in Adobe, in Chamisal, New Mexico. Adobe homes, mad...
Spanish-American women engaged in the yearly re-plastering an adobe house in Adobe, in Chamisal, New Mexico. Adobe homes, made of a combination of sand, soil, straw and water were adopted by the Spanish that settled the area in the 16th century. July 1940 photo by Russell Lee.





Exterior view of Sing Sing Prison in Ossining New York showing guard tower and cell block. 1938.





ADVANCE OF CIVILIZATION. Railroad tracks under construction near Iron Point in the vicinity of the Humboldt River Nevada. Pho...
ADVANCE OF CIVILIZATION. Railroad tracks under construction near Iron Point in the vicinity of the Humboldt River Nevada. Photo by Alfred A. Hart between 1865-1869





Front page of the WOMAN'S JOURNAL AND SUFFRAGE NEWS with the headline: 'Parade struggles to victory despite disgraceful scene...
Front page of the WOMAN'S JOURNAL AND SUFFRAGE NEWS with the headline: 'Parade struggles to victory despite disgraceful scenes.' Page reproduces photos of the women's suffrage parade in Washington, March 3, 1913.





The John Bull locomotive was a is a British-built railroad steam engine that operated in the United States, from 1831 to 1866...
The John Bull locomotive was a is a British-built railroad steam engine that operated in the United States, from 1831 to 1866. It was built by Robert Stephenson and Company and operated for the Camden and Amboy Railroad, the first railroad in New Jersey.





Personal protective equipment, or 'PPE' is specialized clothing or equipment, worn by an employee for protection against infe...
Personal protective equipment, or 'PPE' is specialized clothing or equipment, worn by an employee for protection against infectious materials. PPE includes a Tyvek® suit, double gloves, and powered air purifying respirator. 2008.





Senses and their corresponding parts of the brain, with lines connecting the senses of taste, hearing, sight, and smell to ar...
Senses and their corresponding parts of the brain, with lines connecting the senses of taste, hearing, sight, and smell to areas of the brain. MARGARITA PHILOSOPHICAL , a broadly used textbook covering the liberal arts of Latin grammar, dialectics, rhetoric, arithmetic, music, geometry, astronomy, physics, natural history, physiology, psychology, and ethics, by Gregor Reisch, 1512.





William M. Tweed (1823-1878), the Democratic Party Boss of New York City he peddled his influence and corrupted city politics...
William M. Tweed (1823-1878), the Democratic Party Boss of New York City he peddled his influence and corrupted city politics. He was played by Jim Broadbent in the 2002 film, GANGS OF NEW YORK.





Bobby Jones, (1902-1971). A high-speed photograph of Bobby Jones making an iron shot by Harold Edgerton for A.G. Spalding & B...
Bobby Jones, (1902-1971). A high-speed photograph of Bobby Jones making an iron shot by Harold Edgerton for A.G. Spalding & Brothers in 1938.





Max Schmeling, with attendants, giving the Nazi salute after his victory over Steve Hamas in Hamburg, Germany, March 10, 1935...
Max Schmeling, with attendants, giving the Nazi salute after his victory over Steve Hamas in Hamburg, Germany, March 10, 1935.





Reactor containment building construction at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, devoted to the development of safety ...
Reactor containment building construction at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, devoted to the development of safety systems for commercial nuclear reactors. 1967.





Inspector from the New York City Board of Health examining the stock of a small grocery store in one of New York City's poore...
Inspector from the New York City Board of Health examining the stock of a small grocery store in one of New York City's poorer neighborhoods. 1873 wood engraving.





Portrait of Edith Kermit Carow Roosevelt (1861-1948), wife of President Theodore Roosevelt, 1900.





Nikola Tesla 1856-1943 created a double exposure photograph of himself reading undisturbed by a 22 foot long discharge of art...
Nikola Tesla 1856-1943 created a double exposure photograph of himself reading undisturbed by a 22 foot long discharge of artificial lightning of millions of volts of electricity.





Zodiac Man from illustrating how the human body relates to the zodiac signs. The ancient medical theory held that the four hu...
Zodiac Man from illustrating how the human body relates to the zodiac signs. The ancient medical theory held that the four humors were influenced by the position of the stars, linking health care to astrology. From Johannes de Ketham's FASCICULUS MEDICINAE (Venice, 1495).





U.S. flag waving in foreground over flight deck of an escort carrier on July 16, 1943. Of the 151 aircraft carriers built in ...
U.S. flag waving in foreground over flight deck of an escort carrier on July 16, 1943. Of the 151 aircraft carriers built in the United States during WWII, 122 were escort carriers, cheaper, slower, lighter ships often used to protect convoys and provide air support during island invasions.





VINDICATION OF THE RIGHTS OF WOMEN; WITH STRICTURES ON POLITICAL AND MORAL SUBJECTS. Title page of one of the earliest works ...
VINDICATION OF THE RIGHTS OF WOMEN; WITH STRICTURES ON POLITICAL AND MORAL SUBJECTS. Title page of one of the earliest works of feminist philosophy by British writer Mary Wollstonecraft. 1792.





Passengers inside a South Boston Street car are showered with broken glasses as strikers throw rocks and bricks in February 1...
Passengers inside a South Boston Street car are showered with broken glasses as strikers throw rocks and bricks in February 1887.





Plan of Robert Fulton's first steamboat the CLERMONT built in 1807. hudsonfultoncele00statuoft_0055





John Torrio 1882-1957 was head of the Chicago Outfit in the 1920s until he was nearly killed in a 1925 assassination attempt ...
John Torrio 1882-1957 was head of the Chicago Outfit in the 1920s until he was nearly killed in a 1925 assassination attempt after which Al Capone took charge. Torrio returned to Chicago when Capone's leadership was impaired by government prosecutions





Scientist conducting a laboratory experiment in a cancer research facility in the United States, 1951.





Horse drawn carriage making the 1 600-foot climb up the mountain road to the Catskill Mountain House a famous hotel overlooki...
Horse drawn carriage making the 1 600-foot climb up the mountain road to the Catskill Mountain House a famous hotel overlooking the Hudson River Valley. Built in 1824 the resort hotel was in its prime from the 1850-1900 and closed in 1941. 1830 etching by John Rubens Smith. LC-DIG-pga-04160





Interior room of the Electric Telegraph Office at Charing Cross, London. British telegraph equipment was based on the Cooke-W...
Interior room of the Electric Telegraph Office at Charing Cross, London. British telegraph equipment was based on the Cooke-Wheatstone patent, the clock-like devices along the walls, in which the receiver pointed to the letters on a dial, which spared operators the task of translating code.





Belle Starr (1848-1889), photographed holding a revolver, was an active Western outlaw in Indian Territory (Oklahoma) the 187...
Belle Starr (1848-1889), photographed holding a revolver, was an active Western outlaw in Indian Territory (Oklahoma) the 1870s and 1880s. Gene Tierney starred in the 1941 film, BELLE STARR.





1581 map by Nicola van Sype, showing the Drake circumnavigation (1577-80) as a dotted line. Map bears the legend 'Carte veuee...
1581 map by Nicola van Sype, showing the Drake circumnavigation (1577-80) as a dotted line. Map bears the legend 'Carte veuee et corige par le dict sieur Drack' ('A map seen and corrected by the aforesaid Sir Drake').This is the earliest of the maps which show Drake's route round the world.





Polish oil refinery workers in Bayonne, New Jersey, confront company guards outside the Standard Oil Works moments before the...
Polish oil refinery workers in Bayonne, New Jersey, confront company guards outside the Standard Oil Works moments before the private police opened fire. Five strikers were killed. July 22, 1915.





Political cartoon shows woman peering over a fence labeled 'Woman's Sphere' while her toys 'Fashion' and 'gossip' lay abandon...
Political cartoon shows woman peering over a fence labeled 'Woman's Sphere' while her toys 'Fashion' and 'gossip' lay abandoned. By Merle De Vore Johnson, 1909.





Car driving through passage way in a fallen tree in Sequoia National Park September 1957. LC-DIG-matpc-23254





Immigrant's home of primitive construction in rural Argentina, with men, women, and children in front of house, with horses, ...
Immigrant's home of primitive construction in rural Argentina, with men, women, and children in front of house, with horses, cattle, and geese. Argentina encouraged European immigration to increase agricultural production. From 1880 to 1930, Argentina became one of the world's ten wealthiest nations as a result of the rapid expansion of agriculture and foreign investment.





Title page to the treatise on urine analysis in the late medieval book, HORTUS SANITATIS (Origin of Health). The book describ...
Title page to the treatise on urine analysis in the late medieval book, HORTUS SANITATIS (Origin of Health). The book describes herbal remedies and cites the works of Galen, Albertus Magnus and Dioscorides. 1491 woodcut.





J. Edgar Hoover (1895-1972), as director of the Bureau of Investigation in 1924. Under his leadership the Bureau became the F...
J. Edgar Hoover (1895-1972), as director of the Bureau of Investigation in 1924. Under his leadership the Bureau became the FBI in 1935, which he headed until his death in 1972. Photo taken Dec. 22, 1924.





Avian influenza A (H5N1) virions. Although this virus does not typically infect humans, in 1997, the first instance of direct...
Avian influenza A (H5N1) virions. Although this virus does not typically infect humans, in 1997, the first instance of direct bird-to-human spread of influenza A (H5N1) virus was documented in Hong Kong.





World Map by Paolo dal Pozzo Toscanelli shows lands of the Eastern Hemisphere is based on the conception of the Earth as a sp...
World Map by Paolo dal Pozzo Toscanelli shows lands of the Eastern Hemisphere is based on the conception of the Earth as a sphere, but under-estimated the circumference resulted in Columbus never realizing he had found a new continent. ca. mid-15th century





Senator Gerald P. Nye (1892?1971) U.S. Senate from 1925 to 1945, from North Dakota. Nye developed the Neutrality Acts of the ...
Senator Gerald P. Nye (1892?1971) U.S. Senate from 1925 to 1945, from North Dakota. Nye developed the Neutrality Acts of the 1930s and supported the America First Committee to resist US involvement in World War II.





1858 French map showing immigration routes from Europe. The majority of emigration is out of Northern Europe to Canada, North...
1858 French map showing immigration routes from Europe. The majority of emigration is out of Northern Europe to Canada, Northern USA, and Australia. Lesser streams flow from India to the Caribbean, China to Californian, Portugal to Brazil, and West Africa to Indian Ocean. The great Immigration: from Southern and Eastern Europe has not yet begun.





Imagined map from 1650, depicting Jerusalem as it existed in the Roman era. Lower section shows Christ's crucifixion and the ...
Imagined map from 1650, depicting Jerusalem as it existed in the Roman era. Lower section shows Christ's crucifixion and the crowning of King Solomon. Map shows many sites, including the Temple of Jerusalem.





Rene Laennec (1781-1826), French physician and inventor of the stethoscope. He developed methods of medical diagnosis from he...
Rene Laennec (1781-1826), French physician and inventor of the stethoscope. He developed methods of medical diagnosis from heart and lung sounds heard through the stethoscope. Portrait lithograph by Ambroise Tardieu, ca. 1820.





Radar set SCR-268, used for controlling anti-aircraft gunfire, operated by a five man crew in Italy during World War II.





Lucy Burns 1879-1966 in a jail at the Occoquan Workhouse in Virginia in November 1917. She served more time in jail than any ...
Lucy Burns 1879-1966 in a jail at the Occoquan Workhouse in Virginia in November 1917. She served more time in jail than any other American suffragists for her pickets and other protests for Women's Rights.





Mexican-American mother and child in California during the Great Depression. June 1935 photograph by Dorothea Lange.





Boys and teenagers attend night school in the Seventh Avenue Lodging House, which was home for a couple hundred 'Street Arabs...
Boys and teenagers attend night school in the Seventh Avenue Lodging House, which was home for a couple hundred 'Street Arabs,' who worked during the day and no longer lived with their families. 1900 photograph by Jacob Riis.





Mexican agricultural laborers arriving in Stockton, California, to harvest beets in May 1943. Wartime labor shortages were me...
Mexican agricultural laborers arriving in Stockton, California, to harvest beets in May 1943. Wartime labor shortages were met by the government sponsored Bracero program which regulated temporary laborers from Mexico.





Map of Africa from 1660s. Top border depicts African cities, and side borders show men and women of African peoples.





Alexander Graham Bell and Mabel Hubbard Bell hold hands and look toward the sea from Sable Island, Canada in 1898. Mable lost...
Alexander Graham Bell and Mabel Hubbard Bell hold hands and look toward the sea from Sable Island, Canada in 1898. Mable lost her hearing from scarlet fever at age five, and met Bell when she was his 15 year old student. They married five years later.





Miners pushing ore carts through the tunnels of the Gould & Curry Mine in Virginia City, Nevada. The mine was one of the firs...
Miners pushing ore carts through the tunnels of the Gould & Curry Mine in Virginia City, Nevada. The mine was one of the first to exploit the Comstock Lode, which yielded gold and silver from 1859-1874.





Donora, Pennsylvania, during the infamous smog episode of October 26-31, 1948. 20 people died during the 3 day event and an a...
Donora, Pennsylvania, during the infamous smog episode of October 26-31, 1948. 20 people died during the 3 day event and an additional 50 died after the smog lifted.





Lincoln J. Beachey 1887-1915 a celebrated American aviator and stunt pilot an in 1912 bi-plane. He performed dives loops and ...
Lincoln J. Beachey 1887-1915 a celebrated American aviator and stunt pilot an in 1912 bi-plane. He performed dives loops and upside-down flight and died on March 14 1915 in a crash during a performance over San Francisco. LC-USZ62-17970





Chinese workers wearing traditional clothing while excavating the track bed of the Central Pacific Railroad, in the Sierra Ne...
Chinese workers wearing traditional clothing while excavating the track bed of the Central Pacific Railroad, in the Sierra Nevada Mountains of California. Ca. 1867.





1851 bird's eye view of New-York, looking north over the length of Manhattan with Battery Park and Castle Garden in the foreg...
1851 bird's eye view of New-York, looking north over the length of Manhattan with Battery Park and Castle Garden in the foreground.





1570 map of 'Tartaria' spanning all of Northern Asia from the Ural Mountains to the Pacific Ocean. From Abraham Ortelius, The...
1570 map of 'Tartaria' spanning all of Northern Asia from the Ural Mountains to the Pacific Ocean. From Abraham Ortelius, Theatrvm orbis terrarvm.





Arnold Palmer, reacting to a missed put at the 1964 Thunderbird Classic Golf tournament at the Westchester Country Club in Ry...
Arnold Palmer, reacting to a missed put at the 1964 Thunderbird Classic Golf tournament at the Westchester Country Club in Rye, N.Y.





Map of the surface of Earth's Moon in the middle of the Imbrian Period. Geologic and artistic interpretations have been combi...
Map of the surface of Earth's Moon in the middle of the Imbrian Period. Geologic and artistic interpretations have been combined to produce reconstructions of the visual appearance of the Moon 4 billion years. Artist, Donald E. Davis of the U.S. Geological Survey.





1531 world map showing Northern and Southern Hemispheres by Frenchman Oronce Fine (1494-1555). The map combines Ptolemaic con...
1531 world map showing Northern and Southern Hemispheres by Frenchman Oronce Fine (1494-1555). The map combines Ptolemaic concepts with new discoveries; Asia and North America are represented as one landmass, 'Terra Australis' combines Australia and Antarctica.

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